环武夷山国家公园保护发展带生态安全格局构建研究  

Research on Ecological Security Pattern Construction of Protection and Development Belt of in Wuyishan National Park

作　　者：崔雯婧 魏源[1] 苏海磊[1] 刘雪松 武大勇 张娜 季宁宁 CUI Wenjing;WEI Yuan;SU Hailei;LIU Xuesong;WU Dayong;ZHANG Na;JI Ningning(State Key Laboratory of Environment Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Wetland Protection and Green Development,Hengshui 053000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]河北省湿地保护与绿色发展协同创新中心,河北衡水053000

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2024年第4期874-886,共13页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中国工程科技发展战略福建研究院2022年重大咨询研究项目(No.2022-FJ-ZD-7);黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究项目(No.2022-YRUC-01-0304);河北省湿地保护与绿色发展协同创新中心开放基金项目(No.2023 hbxczx1-7)。

摘　　要：生态安全格局构建是我国生态文明建设作出的重大战略部署,是维持生态系统健康稳定的重要基础.构建以国家公园为主体的保护发展带生态安全格局,是统筹保护与发展、探索人与自然和谐共生路径的先决条件.本文以我国国家公园建设示范探索地−环武夷山国家公园保护发展带为研究对象,基于生态保护重要性评价识别生态源地,依托最小累积阻力模型(MCR)提取潜在生态廊道,进而构建生态安全格局.结果表明:①环武夷山国家公园保护发展带以及光泽县、邵武市、建阳区、武夷山市四个地区生态系统服务功能极重要区面积为5262.27 km2,占研究区总面积的46.87%;生态系统敏感性较弱,极敏感区面积占研究区总面积的1.67%,主要分布于武夷山国家公园.②将评价结果与自然保护地空间分布相结合,综合确定生态源地面积为4867.76 km2,占研究区总面积的42.35%,主要包括武夷山国家公园、乌君山国家森林自然公园等自然保护地.生态安全区按照高、中、低水平分别占研究区总面积的77.92%、20.96%和1.12%.③通过最小阻力模型识别生态节点13个,生态廊道18条,总长度781.86 km,以武夷山国家公园为核心,呈网状空间分布.④以研究区现有生态安全格局为基础,提出“两核、三屏、多点、多廊”生态安全格局.研究显示,环带及周边四地区的现有生态安全格局仅依靠水系廊道,因此需结合生态系统服务功能和敏感性进行分级再划分生态安全格局.该研究结果可为以国家公园为主体的自然保护地的生态安全格局构建与优化提供重要参考.The construction of an ecological security pattern is a major strategic plan for ecological civilization construction in China and is an important foundation for maintaining the ecosystem′s health and stability.The construction of an ecological security pattern based on national parks as the primary protection zone is a prerequisite for integrating conservation and development to explore harmonious coexistence paths between human beings and nature.This study took the protection and development belt of Wuyi Mountain National Park as a model site as the study area,identified ecological sources based on the evaluation of the importance of ecological protection,extracted potential ecological corridors relying on the minimum cumulative resistance model(MCR),and then constructed the ecological security pattern.The results showed that:(1)The most important ecosystem service function area of the protection and development belt of Wuyi Mountain National Park and its four districts is 5262.27 km2,accounting for 46.87%of the total study area.The ecosystem sensitivity is weak,and the sensitive area accounts for 1.67%of the total study area,mainly distributed in Wuyi Mountain National Park.(2)Combining the evaluation results with the nature reserves spatial distribution,the ecological source area was determined to be 4867.76 km2,accounting for 42.35%of the total study area,including Wuyi Mountain National Park,Wujun Mountain National Forest Nature Park,and other nature reserves.The ecological safety zone accounts for 77.92%,20.96%and 1.12%of the total study area according to high,medium,and low levels,respectively.(3)The MCR model identifies 13 ecological nodes and 18 ecological corridors totaling 781.86 km in length,taking Wuyi Mountain National Park as the core,with a net-like spatial distribution.(4)Based on the existing ecological security pattern in the study area,a new ecological security pattern of‘two cores,three screens,multiple points,and multiple corridors’was proposed.The study showed that the existing ecolo

关 键 词：生态系统服务功能 生态敏感性 最小累积阻力模型(MCR) 生态安全格局构建 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]