沙特NEOM隧道项目支洞光面爆破关键技术研究  

Research on Key Technologies of Smooth Blasting in NEOM Tunnel Project Adic in Saudi Arabia

作　　者：王玮 WANG Wei(Lianyungang Mingda Engineering Blasting Co.,Ltd.,Lianyungang,Jiangsu222021,China)

机构地区：[1]连云港明达工程爆破有限公司,江苏连云港222021

出　　处：《施工技术（中英文）》2024年第7期24-28,34,共6页Construction Technology

摘　　要：为解决NEOM隧道项目支洞光面爆破效果差的问题,通过现场调查和计算分析发现钻孔质量、炮孔破坏半径、荷载持续时间、传爆结构、延期间隔等5个光面爆破效果影响因素。钻孔质量是人工影响因素;相邻周边孔间延期误差和缓冲孔装药结构是影响光面爆破整体效果的因素;周边孔传爆结构以及周边孔与缓冲孔延期间隔是影响光面爆破局部效果的因素。钻孔质量可通过管理手段提高;使用5g/m导爆索连接拱顶部位周边孔,40g/m导爆索连接边墙部位周边孔可起到周边孔应力波联合作用机制,提高周边孔间平整度;缓冲孔采用中部和顶部小直径药卷装药可减少裂隙区侵入围岩的深度,以控制超挖;改变周边孔传爆结构可解决炸药减敏失效问题,可减少局部欠挖;控制周边孔与缓冲孔延期间隔不大于200ms,可有效防止周边孔内药卷被拖曳偏离设计位置,从而控制局部欠挖。实施综合改进措施后,光面爆破效果得到了极大提高,开挖轮廓面呈锯齿状现象消失,可节约混凝土用量,同时减少欠挖处理时间,加快开挖循环周期。To solve the problem of the poor smooth blasting effect of the NEOM tunnel branch project in Saudi Arabia,five influencing factors of smooth blasting effect,such as drilling quality,hole failure radius,load duration,detonation transmission structure and delay interval,were found through field investigation and calculation analysis.Drilling quality is an artificial factor.The delay error between adjacent peripheral holes and the charge structure of buffer holes are the factors that influence the overall smooth blasting effect.The surrounding hole detonation structure and the delay interval between the surrounding hole and the buffer hole are the factors that affect the local smooth blasting effect.Drilling quality can be improved by means of management.The use of a 5 g/m detonating cord to connect the peripheral holes of the vault and a 40 g/m detonating cord to connect the peripheral holes of the side wall can play a joint action mechanism for the stress wave of the peripheral holes and improve the flatness between the peripheral holes.The central and top small-diameter cartridge charge in the buffer hole can reduce the depth of the fracture zone invading the surrounding rock to control the over-excavation.Changing the surrounding hole detonation structure can solve the problem of explosive desensitization failure and reduce local under-excavation.Controlling the delay interval between the peripheral hole and the buffer hole within 200ms can effectively prevent the cartridge in the peripheral hole from being dragged away from the design position to control the local under-excavation.After the implementation of comprehensive improvement measures,the smooth blasting effect has been greatly improved,and the jagged phenomenon of the excavation contour surface has disappeared,which can save the amount of concrete,reduce the time of under-excavation treatment,and accelerate the excavation cycle.

关 键 词：隧道 光面爆破 起爆顺序 裂隙区 荷载 延期间隔 

分 类 号：U459[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]