《祝福》百年:互动仪式链的断裂与祥林嫂的魂灵三问  

A Hundred Years of"Blessings":the Broken Interactional Ritual Chains and Aunt Xianglin's Three Questions

作　　者：胡建华 HU Jianhua(Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou 510420)

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学外国语言学及应用语言学研究中心,广州510420

出　　处：《文化艺术研究》2024年第2期14-19,112,113,共8页Studies in Culture and Art

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“儿童语言发展的行为学和脑机制研究及临床应用与数据库建设”(项目编号:23&ZD319)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：鲁迅先生的小说《祝福》发表至今已经百年。百年来,对《祝福》的主流分析和解读,多从旧礼教、封建迷信对祥林嫂的迫害这一角度入手,本文则尝试对《祝福》做出另外一种分析:祥林嫂并不是死于代表旧礼教的鲁四老爷或传播迷信的柳妈等任何具体的人,而是死于互动仪式链(interactional ritual chains)的断裂。祥林嫂第二次成为寡妇,回到鲁镇后,所面临的最大问题就是她的互动仪式链的断裂,而她之所以会提出“魂灵三问”,就是因为互动仪式链的断裂直接导致了她赖以生存的社会关系的解体。此外,通过对“祝福”和“祥林”的解读,可以发现这几个字在小说中具有特别的含义。Lu Xun's"Blessings"has been published for a hundred years.Over the past century,the critiques of"Blessings"have mostly focused on the persecution of Aunt Xianglin by feudal ethics and old superstitions,yet this article attempts to provide a different perspective.Aunt Xianglin did not die because of specific individuals representing feudal ethics(Lord Lu)or old superstitions(Mrs.Liu),but rather of the broken Interactional Ritual Chains,the biggest challenge after her being widowed for a second time and returning to Luzhen.She raised her famous three questions was directly because the broken interactional ritual chains led to the disintegration of her social relationships upon which she relied for survival.Additionally,this article discusses the story's title,"Blessings",and the name of its heroine,Xianglin,believing that these words carry special meanings.

关 键 词：鲁迅 祝福 祥林嫂 互动仪式链 递归心灵 魂灵三问 

分 类 号：I210.97[文学—中国文学] G206[文化科学—传播学]