基于模糊集合改进的TDOA声源定位方法  

A Specific Sound Source Localization Method Based on Improved TDOA

作　　者：苏石 申冲 王晨光[1] SU Shi;SHEN Chong;WANG Chenguang(School of Information and Communication Engineering,Northern University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;School of Instrumentation and Electronic,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学信息与通信工程学院,太原030051 [2]中北大学仪器与电子学院,太原030051

出　　处：《计算机测量与控制》2024年第4期271-278,共8页Computer Measurement &Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61973281,51821003);山西省重点研发计划项目(202003D111003)。

摘　　要：在复杂场景下对声源进行筛选并定位,可能会存在低信噪比、线性度不贴合实际以及多径效应等情况,往往对声源定位设备的硬件要求较高;为了解决这一问题,提出了利用模糊集合筛选处理采集的原始数据,优化TDOA算法的中间变量的方法;通过六元麦克风阵列采集到原始音频信号,利用隶属度函数将数据投射进模糊集合,根据隶属度值的大小对数据进行加权处理,从而得到理想的音频数据,将处理好的数据带到网格迭代搜索法中得到声源的定位结果;为验证该算法、以STM32为主控芯片搭建嵌入式声源定位系统,在相同条件下,与采用广义互相关得到时间差的TDOA算法进行对比,结果表明在对相同频率的音频进行定位时,该方法更具有抗干扰性和定位准确性,满足了通过算法改进从而提升声源定位抗干扰性的目标,在实际应用时减小硬件采集设备压力。Sound sources are Filtered and located in complex scenarios,there are the shortages of low signal-to-noise ratio,unpractical linearity,and multipath effects,often requiring high hardware requirements for sound source localization equipment.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a method for using the fuzzy set filtering to process the collected raw data and optimizing the intermediate variables of the time difference of arrival(TDOA)algorithm.The original audio signal is collected through a six-element microphone array,and the membership function is used to project the data into the fuzzy set.According to the size of the membership value,the data are weighted to obtain the ideal audio data.Then,the processed data are fed into the grid iterative search method to obtain the localization result of the sound source.To verify the algorithm,an embedded sound source localization system is built using STM32 as the main control chip.Under the same conditions,the proposed method is compared with the TDOA algorithm with generalized cross-correlation to obtain the time difference.The results show that with a locating audio of same frequency,this method has better anti-interference and localization accuracy,meeting the goal of improving the anti-interference ability of sound source localization through algorithm improvement,and reducing hardware collection devices in practical applications.

关 键 词：声源定位 TDOA STM32 模糊集合 嵌入式 

分 类 号：TN911.7[电子电信—通信与信息系统]