权力下放、多元参与、问责监管——英国教育走向现代治理的历程、特点及经验  

Decentralization,Multi-governance and Accountability Supervision:The Course,Characteristics and Experience of British Education toward Its Modern Governance

作　　者：黄源涛 楚江亭[1] HUANG Yuantao;CHU Jiangting(Faculty of Education,BNU,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第2期20-28,共9页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：2019年度教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“构建德智体美劳全面培养的教育体系研究”(19JZD046)。

摘　　要：从社会、经济与教育之间的内在联系看,英国教育,特别是英格兰地区的教育从传统教育管理走向“扁平、分权、多元制衡”现代教育治理所经历的四个历史时期,即1940—1978年的“国有化”时期,1979—1996年的“市场化”时期,1998—2010年的“第三条道路”时期,以及2010年至今的“后金融危机”时期,可以发现,英国教育治理的显著特征是权力下放、鼓励多元群体参与、强化问责监管,由此,英国实现了教育治理的全面转型,不仅完善了相应的治理体系,而且有效提升了相应的治理能力。英国教育治理的基本经验包括:明确权力边界、深化治理体系建设,鼓励多元参与、不断提升治理能力,完善问责监管、持续激发学校活力等等。Based on the intrinsic links between society,economy and education,this paper systematically examines the four historical periods in which education in the UK,particularly in England,has moved from traditional education management to modern education governance that is"flat,decentralized and of multiple checks and balances":the period of the"nationalization"from 1940 to 1978,the period of the"marketization"from 1979 to 1996,the period of"the third way"from 1998 to 2010,and the period of the"post-financial crisis"from 2010 to the present.It can be seen that the distinctive features of British education governance are decentralization,encouragement of multiple participation,and strengthening of accountability and supervision.As a result,British education has basically achieved a comprehensive transformation of governance,which not only improves the corresponding governance system,but also effectively enhances the relevant governance capacity.The basic experience of British education governance includes:clarifying the boundaries of power,deepening the construction of the governance system,encouraging the participation of pluralistic groups,continuously improving the governance capacity,perfecting accountability and supervision,and continuously stimulating the vitality of schools.

关 键 词：英国教育治理 权力下放 多元共治 问责监管 

分 类 号：G40[文化科学—教育学原理]