汉语“(NP1)对(于)NP2之N”格式的第一批用例及其语码复制现象  

On the Grammaticalization of"(NP1)dui对(duiyu对于)NP2 zhi之N":The First Use Cases of Formatting and Its Phenomenon of Code-Copying

作　　者：潘世文 PAN Shiwen(School of Liberal Arts,Liaocheng University,Liaocheng 252000,China)

机构地区：[1]聊城大学文学院,山东聊城252000

出　　处：《外国语》2024年第1期48-57,共10页Journal of Foreign Languages

摘　　要：一般来说,以口语(包括双语社区)为对象的研究通常无法找到语法化的真正“源头”。“透过翻译的语言接触”所诱发的书面语的语法化,却存在着发现某一语法化项直接“起点”的可能性。基于这一理念,本文对“(NP1)对(于)NP2之N<X>”这一格式的来源进行了专题考察,确认了其真正“起点”(第一批用例),并尽可能详尽地描写其“语码复制”现象。文章认为,这一格式是对日语“(NP1)NP2ニ对スルN<X>”格式的语码复制,其最早一批用例出自《日本国志》(1895)、《论强权》(1899)及《译书汇编》(1901)等日译汉文本,并在文言文本中完成了其语法迁移过程。由于译者采取的语码复制策略有所不同,所以在目标语言中形成了大同小异的两种次类。本文可以为相关理论的完善提供一个真实可靠的案例。Generally speaking,studies of spoken language(including bilingual communities)usually fail to find the real"source"of grammaticalization.However,the grammaticalization of written language induced by"language contact through translation"has the possibility of discovering the immediate""starting point"of a grammaticalization item.Based on this idea,this paper examines the origin of the format"(NPI)dui对(duiyu对于)NP2 zhi之N<X>",identifies its real"starting point"(the first groups of use cases),and describes its code-copying phenomenon as detailed as possible.The author believes that this format is a code-copying of the Japanese format"(NP1)NP2二对久N<X>",and its earliest examples are found in such texts as The Annals of Japan(Riben Guozhi《日本国志》)(1895),On The Right of The Strongest(Lun Qiangquan《论强权》)(1899)and The Compilation of Translations Works(Yishu Huibian《译书汇编》)(1901),where the process of grammatical transfer was accomplished into Classical Chinese texts.Due to the differences in the code-copying strategies adapted by different translators,two sub-categories with similarities and minor differences have been/are formed in the target language.It is believed that it can provide a real and reliable case for the improvement of relevant theories.

关 键 词：对(对于) 语法化 语言接触 语码复制框架理论 

分 类 号：H04[语言文字—语言学]