生物炭-壳聚糖复合材料对镉污染土壤的修复效果研究  

Study on the Remediation Effect of Biochar-chitosan Composite on Cd Contaminated Soil

作　　者：杨克俭 李忠徽 姜凌[2] 闫江涛 王显炜 杨雅杰 YANG Ke-jian;LI Zhong-hui;JIANG Ling(Shaanxi Hydrogeology Engineering Geology and Environment Geology Survey Center,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710068;College of Water and Environment,Chang’an University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054)

机构地区：[1]陕西省水工环地质调查中心,陕西西安710068 [2]长安大学水利与环境学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第8期66-70,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省生态环境专项资金项目“汉中酸性土壤生态改良”。

摘　　要：[目的]探讨生物炭-壳聚糖复合材料(CBC)对镉(Cd)污染土壤的修复效果。[方法]以黑麦草为供试植物进行盆栽试验,探究向酸性低镉土壤、中性高镉土壤和碱性高镉土壤中分别添加0、0.5%、1.0%和3.0%(W/W)的CBC时,土壤pH、全镉含量、有效态镉含量、黑麦草根和茎叶的生物量以及其中的全镉含量变化情况。[结果]施用CBC可以提高酸性和中性土壤的pH。随着CBC施用量的增加,土壤中有效态镉含量降低,当施加量至3.0%时达到显著水平。CBC可以钝化土壤中的镉活性,其钝化效果与土壤污染程度、酸碱性密切相关。随着CBC施加量的增加,黑麦草根和茎叶中镉含量降低,尤其植物地上部分降低效果明显,也证明了CBC对土壤中镉具有钝化作用;黑麦草的富集系数(BCF)和转运系数(TF)随CBC施用量的增加而减小,表明施用CBC能够减弱土壤中的镉向植株体内的迁移,从而达到缓解镉毒害的作用。[结论]CBC可以用于镉污染土壤的修复,尤其是在污染程度严重的酸性土壤中效果更加显著。[Objective]To explore the remediation effect of biochar-chitosan composite(CBC)on Cd contaminated soil.[Method]A pot experiment was conducted with ryegrass as the test plant,the changes of soil pH,total Cd content,available Cd content,biomass of ryegrass roots and leaves,and total Cd content in acidic low Cd soil,neutral high Cd soil and alkaline high Cd soil were investigated when CBC was added to 0,0.5%,1.0%and 3.0%(W/W)respectively.[Result]The application of CBC could increase the pH of acidic and neutral soils.The available Cd decreased with the increase of CBC application,and reached a significant level when the application amount reached 3.0%.CBC could passivate Cd activity in soil,and its passivation effect was closely related to the degree of soil pollution and acid-base property.With the increase of CBC application,the Cd content in the roots and shoots of ryegrass decreased,especially the effect on the aboveground part of plants was significant,directly indicating that CBC had a immobilization effect on Cd in soil.The BCF and TF of ryegrass decreased with the increase of CBC application rate,indicating that the application of CBC could reduce the migration of Cd from soil to the plant body,thereby achieving the effect of alleviating Cd toxicity.[Conclusion]The CBC can be used for the remediation of Cd contaminated soil,especially in heavily polluted acidic soils.

关 键 词：生物炭-壳聚糖复合材料 土壤酸碱性 钝化修复 镉污染土壤 黑麦草 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]