基于泥石流危险性的拦挡坝减灾效益评价方法  

Evaluation method of disaster reduction benefit ofretaining dam based on debris flow hazard

作　　者：田述军[1] 程小松 邓志银 TIAN Shujun;CHENG Xiaosong;DENG Zhiyin(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学土木工程与建筑学院,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2024年第2期46-53,共8页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41971214,41877524)。

摘　　要：实现泥石流拦挡坝减灾效益定量评价对于优化工程设计和保护人民生命财产安全具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。采用数值模拟方法获取不同工况下泥石流泥深、流速和范围,建立了基于高危险等级面积和总危险度的2种危险性评价指标体系,提出了拦挡坝减灾效益的定量评价方法,并以锄头沟泥石流为例进行了实证研究。根据拦挡坝减灾效益评价方法可以分析拟建工程和现有工程及其组合的减灾效益,判断其是否达到了减灾目标,并可对比和量化不同工程在减灾方面的重要程度,可为泥石流拦挡坝修建及改良提供依据和参考。单位高度减灾效益能够反映拦挡坝增加单位高度所带来的减灾效果,可应用于泥石流拦挡坝设计、改良和最佳工程组合方案的确定。总危险度与高危险等级面积的减灾效益变化规律一致,说明2种危险性评价方式均可体现拦挡坝组合及其变化的减灾效益。Realizing quantitative evaluation of disaster reduction benefits of debris flow retaining dams has important theoretical and practical significance for optimizing engineering design and protecting the safety of people’s lives and property.The paper uses numerical simulation methods to obtain the mud depth,flow velocity,and range of debris flow under different operating conditions,establishes two risk evaluation index systems based on the area of high risk level and the total risk degree,proposes a quantitative evaluation method for the disaster reduction benefits of retaining dams,and conducts an empirical study using the Chutougou debris flow as an example.According to the evaluation method for disaster reduction benefits of retaining dams,it is possible to analyze the disaster reduction benefits of the proposed and existing projects and their combinations,determine whether they have achieved the disaster reduction goals,and compare and quantify the importance of different projects in disaster reduction,which can provide a basis and reference for the construction and improvement of debris flow retaining dams.The disaster reduction benefits per unit height can reflect the value of risk reduction per meter of retaining dam heightening,and can be applied to the determination of optimal engineering combination scheme of debris flow retaining dams.The change rule of the total risk degree and the disaster reduction benefits of the area with high risk level is consistent,indicating that both risk assessment methods can reflect the disaster reduction benefits of the combination of retaining dams and their changes.

关 键 词：泥石流 拦挡坝 数值模拟 减灾效益 锄头沟 

分 类 号：U418.56[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]