飞机高速牵引滑行制动模式分析  

Analysis on aircraft high-speed towing-taxing braking mode

作　　者：孙艳坤[1] 睢乐 张威[1] 祝恒佳 SUN Yankun;SUI Le;ZHANG Wei;ZHU Hengjia(College of Aeronautical Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学航空工程学院,天津300300

出　　处：《机械设计》2024年第3期106-111,共6页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金民航联合基金重点项目(U2033208);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(12002367);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(3122020031)。

摘　　要：在传统牵引车牵引飞机的运动过程中,其制动行为是通过牵引车独立制动来完成的,主要用于低速推出牵引和轻载中速维护牵引工况。针对未来飞机牵引滑行的高速重载新特征,仅靠牵引车实施制动能否满足牵引系统制动性能需要重新评估。为此,文中考虑了由飞机和牵引车联合制动的新模式,即由飞机主起落架机轮刹车系统和牵引车轮刹车系统同时制动,通过分配制动力来实现牵引车-飞机系统的制动行为。建立了飞机牵引滑行时制动过程的动力学模型,并以B737-200型飞机和TBL-180型牵引车为例,分析对比了牵引车单独制动和牵引车-飞机联合制动两种模式下的系统制动性能和制动安全性。结果表明:牵引车-飞机联合制动时的制动性能远优于牵引车单独制动时的制动性能,是飞机高速牵引滑行时紧急制动的优选模式;在安全性方面,牵引车-飞机联合制动时的前起落架横向载荷也远小于牵引车单独制动,会为飞机前起落架结构保留更大的横向冲击安全裕度。In the process of the traditional tractor's aircraft towing,the braking tasks are completed by the tractor's inde-pendent braking.This braking mode is mainly used for those low-speed pushback towing or medium-speed lightweight mainte-nance towing tasks.In view of the new characteristics of high-speed and heavy-duty aircraft traction-taxing in the future,it is necessary to reevaluate whether the tractor's braking alone can meet the requirement of performance.Thus,in this article,a new mode of combined braking by aircraft and tractor is developed.It means that the aircraft's main-landing gear wheel brake system and the tractor's wheel brake system are braking at the same time.The brake of the tractor-aircraft system is realized by distribu-ting the braking force of the tractor and the aircraft.The dynamic model of the braking process of aircraft towing-taxing is set up.Besides,B737-200 and TBL-180 are taken as the examples to analyze and compare the braking performance and the braking safety of two braking modes of the tractor braking alone and the tractor-aircraft combined braking.The results show that the bra-king performance of the tractor-aircraft combined braking is much better than that of the tractor braking alone.It is the preferred mode of emergency braking when the aircraft is towing-taxing at a high speed.In terms of the braking safety,the tow load of the tractor-aircraft combined braking is also much smaller than that of the tractor braking alone.This mode of combined braking will reserve a greater lateral-impact safety margin for the aircraft's front landing gear structure.

关 键 词：飞机牵引滑行 联合制动 制动性能 安全性 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论] V241[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]