基于多元成本结构的分时电价定价机制  

Research on Pricing Mechanism of Time-of-Use Electricity Price Based on Multiple Cost Structure

作　　者：王岱 刘颖 潘昌忠[2] 李春来[3] 李福东 WANG Dai;LIU Ying;PAN Changzhong;LI Chunlai;LI Fudong(State Grid Ningxia Yinchuan Electric Power Company,Yinchuan 750011,China;School of Information and Electrical Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China;College of Physics and Electronics,Hunan Institute of Science and Technology,Yueyang 414006,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Beijing Information Science and Technology University,Beijing 100192,China)

机构地区：[1]国网宁夏电力有限公司银川供电公司,宁夏银川750011 [2]湖南科技大学信息与电气工程学院,湖南湘潭411201 [3]湖南理工学院物理与电子学院,湖南岳阳414006 [4]北京信息科技大学机电工程学院,北京100192

出　　处：《湖南科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第1期60-69,共10页Journal of Hunan University of Science And Technology：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61503348)。

摘　　要：建设新型电力系统对完善分时电价机制提出了新的要求.针对目前分时电价研究多侧重于市场机制,对电价设置菜单与实际供电成本结构关系有待深化机理建模的问题,提出一种基于多元化供电成本和需求响应的分时电价模型.该模型兼顾经济性与可靠性,建立考虑需求削减的负荷切片与成本定价机制,明确供电配置的多元化成本结构,建立各类电源的可变成本、固定成本与可靠性损失成本的成本结构.对电力销售收入分析、电源的实际可变成本、电源可靠性损失和固定成本回收进行了基础性研究.通过相关算例验证,研究各类电源事故率对模型中附加费率的影响,以及各类电源事故率、不同负荷水平波动与分时电价定价的关联性,验证了文章建立的分时电价模型在提高分时电价适应性,正确引导用户用电行为,提高削峰填谷方面的有效性.同时,该模型有助于优化各类电源的容量管理,确保峰值电源的成本回收,从而有效地平衡电源侧和用户侧利益,兼顾供电充分性、可靠性和经济性目标.The construction of a new type of power system puts forward new requirements for improving the time-of-use electricity pricing mechanism.Aiming at the current research on time-of-use electricity prices that mostly focus on market mechanisms,and insufficient attention to the relationship between the electricity price setting menu and the actual power supply cost structure,this paper proposes a time-of-use electricity price model based on diversified power supply costs and demand response.The model takes into account economy and reliability,establishes a load slicing and cost pricing mechanism that considers demand reduction,clarifies the diversified cost structure of power supply configuration,and defines the variable cost,fixed cost and reliability loss cost of various power sources.Fundamental research is carried out on the analysis of electricity sales revenue,the actual variable cost of the power supply,the loss of power supply reliability and the recovery of fixed costs.Through the verification of related calculation examples,the influence of various power accident rates on the surcharge rate in the model,as well as the correlation between various power accident rates,fluctuations of different load levels,and time-of-use electricity pricing,are studied.The model established in this paper is effective in improving the adaptability of time of use electricity prices,correctly guiding users'electricity consumption behavior and promoting peak-shaving and valley-flling.At the same time,the model can optimize the capacity management of various power sources in a diverse new energy grid-connected environment to ensure the cost recovery of peak power sources,thereby effectively balancing the interests of the power source and the user side,and taking into account the adequacy of power supply,reliability and economic goals.

关 键 词：需求响应 分时电价机制 固定成本 可变成本 可靠性成本 削峰填谷 

分 类 号：TM715[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]