腐败辐照凤爪中的真菌多样性及其与挥发性成分的相关性研究  

Study on Fungal Diversity and Its Correlation with Volatile Components in Spoiled Irradiated Chicken Feet

作　　者：贾鑫 王丹[1] 陈阳瑞泽 徐攀 孟爱莲 张雁君 黄敏[2,3] 高鹏 JIA Xin;WANG Dan;CHEN Yangruize;XU Pan;MENG Ailian;ZHANG Yanjun;HUANG Min;GAO Peng(School of Life Science and Engineering,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang,Sichuan 621010;Sichuan Institute of Atomic Energy,Chengdu,Sichuan 610101;Irradiation Preservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu,Sichuan 610101)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院,四川绵阳621010 [2]四川省原子能研究院,四川成都610101 [3]辐照保藏四川省重点实验室,四川成都610101

出　　处：《核农学报》2024年第6期1074-1086,共13页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金项目(面上项目)(2023NSFSC0133);四川省科技创新基地(平台)基本科研业务(2023JDKY0009);四川省科技创新人才项目(2023JDRC0042)。

摘　　要：鉴于预包装凤爪辐照灭菌后仍会发生胀袋等腐败现象,为探讨腐败辐照凤爪真菌多样性及挥发性成分的变化,本研究利用高通量测序技术解析了正常凤爪和腐败凤爪中的真菌多样性,并通过顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱质谱法分析了挥发性成分的变化。此外,通过Spearman相关性分析揭示了优势核心微生物与挥发性成分之间的相关性(|r|>0.8,P<0.05)。高通量测序结果表明,担子菌门(Basidiomycota)和子囊菌门(Ascomycota)是腐败凤爪中的优势门,嗜热子囊菌属(Thermoascus)和曲霉属(Aspergillus)是腐败凤爪中的优势属。采用顶空固相微萃取结合气象色谱质谱法从正常凤爪和腐败凤爪中共鉴定出72种挥发性成分。利用正交偏最小二乘判别分析分别筛选出11种优势核心真菌属和34种挥发性成分的标志物。基于Spearman分析的相关性网络图显示,10个优势核心真菌属对腐败前后凤爪的挥发性成分含量有显著影响(VIP>1,P<0.05),包括未分类_o_酵母菌属(unclassified_o_Saccharomycetales)、枝孢菌属(Cladosporium)、镰刀菌属(Fusarium)、Vanrija、Thermoascus、Apiotrichum、未分类_k_真菌(unclassified_k_Fungi)、Aspergillus、假丝酵母属(Candida)和复膜孢酵母属(Saccharomycopsis)。本研究可为优化凤爪生产工艺和辐照灭菌工艺,解决其腐败问题提供理论参考。Spoilage,such as swelling of bags,can still occur after irradiation sterilization of pre-packaged chicken feet,the present study explored the changes in fungal diversity using high-throughput sequencing,and analyzed the changes of volatile components by headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS)in spoiled irradiated chicken feet.In addition,the correlation between dominant core microorganisms and volatile components was revealed by Spearman correlation analysis(|r|>0.8,P<0.05).The results of high-throughput sequencing indicated that Basidiomycota and Ascomycota were the dominant phyla,and Thermoascus and Aspergillus were the dominant genera in spoiled chicken feet.A total number of 72 volatile components were identified from normal and spoiled chicken feet by HS-SPME-GC-MS.Eleven dominant core fungal genera and 34 markers of volatile components were screened using orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis,respectively.The correlation network diagram based on Spearman analysis showed that 10 dominant core fungal genera had a significant effect(VIP>1,P<0.05)on the volatile components of chicken feet before and after spoilage,including unclassified_o_Saccharomycetales,Cladosporium,Fusarium,Vanrija,Thermoascus,Apiotrichum,unclassified_o_k_Fungi,Aspergillus,Candida,and Saccharomycopsis.This study provides a theoretical reference for solving the problem of spoilage of chicken feet by improving the production process and irradiation sterilization technique.

关 键 词：腐败辐照凤爪 高通量测序 真菌多样性 挥发性成分 相关性分析 

分 类 号：TS251.55[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程] O657.63[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]