欧李在宁夏盐池人工栽培的生长及饲用特性评价  

Evaluation of growth and feeding characteristics of artificial cultivation of Prunus humilis Bunge in Yanchi,Ningxia

作　　者：何建龙[1] 王占军[1] 李小明 柳超超 田英 HE Jian-long;WANG Zhan-jun;LI Xiao-ming;LIU Chao-chao;TIAN Ying

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院林业与草地生态研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]宁夏哈巴湖国家级自然保护区管理局,宁夏吴忠751500

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第6期120-125,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：宁夏青年拔尖人才培养工程;宁夏重点研发计划项目(项目编号:2020BBF02027)。

摘　　要：研究旨在评价欧李栽培生长适应性和饲用潜力,为开展欧李在盐池地区种植及饲用开发提供参考。在宁夏盐池县高沙窝镇典型荒漠草原区撂荒地开展了引种8年的欧李(Prunus humilis Bunge)农大4号(N4)、农大5号(N5)、京欧1号(J1)的生长指标、饲用农艺性状、饲用品质、叶片相对叶绿素含量(SPAD)、光合特性和生理特性研究。结果显示:3个欧李品种在宁夏盐池栽培生长表现良好,茎叶折合鲜草产量9.51~10.90 t/hm^(2),干草产量5.15~5.74 t/hm^(2),平茬有利于欧李恢复生长,刈割后30~60 d为迅速生长期。3个欧李品种叶片SPAD值、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)均为:J1>N5>N4,4个光合参数具体品种间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。3个欧李品种叶片的粗蛋白(CP)含量为8.40%~13.59%,J1的CP最高;粗脂肪(EE)含量为5.74%~6.52%,J1的EE最高;粗纤维(CF)的含量为6.52%~7.83%,N5显著高于J1(P<0.05);N5叶片粗灰分(Ash)含量显著高于J1(P<0.05);N5的相对饲喂价值(RFV)显著高于J1(P<0.05)。研究表明,N4、N5、J1欧李品种综合性状表现良好,适合在宁夏荒漠草原撂荒地人工引进栽培。The purpose of the study was to evaluate the cultivation and growth adaptability and feed potential of Prunus humilis Bunge,and to provide a reference for the planting and forage development of Prunus humilis Bunge in Yanchi area.The growth indexes,agronomic traits,feed quality,leaf relative chlorophyll content(SPAD),photosynthetic characteristics,and physiological characteristics of Prunus humilis Bunge N4,N5,and J1 were studied in the typical desert steppe area of Gaoshawo Town,Yanchi County,Ningxia Province.The results showed that the cultivation and growth of the three Prunus humilis Bunge were good in Ningxia Yanchi,with a fresh grass yield of 9.51~10.90 t/hm^(2) and a dry yield of 5.15~5.74 t/hm^(2),the flat stubble was conducive to the recovery of the growth of Prunus humilis Bunge,and the rapid growth period was 30~60 days after mowing.The SPAD,Pn,Gs,Ci,and Tr of the three Prunus humilis Bunge leaves were J1>N5>N4,and there were significant differences among the four varieties(P<0.05).The CP content of the leaves of the three varieties was 8.40%~13.59%,and the CP of J1 was the highest.The EE content was 5.74%~6.52%,and the EE of J1 was the highest.The content of CF was 6.52%~7.83%,and N5 was significantly higher than that of J1(P<0.05).The content of Ash in N5 leaves was significantly higher than that in J1(P<0.05).The RFV of N5 was significantly higher than that of J1(P<0.05).The results showed that the comprehensive traits of N4,N5,and J1 Prunus humilis Bunge varieties performed well and were suitable for artificial introduction and cultivation in the abandoned land of desert steppe in Ningxia.

关 键 词：欧李 生长特性 饲用性状 适应性 饲用价值 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]