谱系示踪技术在肝再生中的应用研究进展  

Research progress on application of lineage tracing technology in liver regeneration

作　　者：周林岩 李勇男[2] 蒋祥彦 李鉴 焦作义[1] ZHOU Linyan;LI Yongnan;JIANG Xiangyan;LI Jian;JIAO Zuoyi(Department of General Surgery,The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730030,P.R.China;Department of Cardiac Surgery,The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730030,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学第二医院普通外科,兰州730030 [2]兰州大学第二医院心外科,兰州730030

出　　处：《中国普外基础与临床杂志》2024年第4期487-494,共8页Chinese Journal of Bases and Clinics In General Surgery

基　　金：兰州大学第二医院“萃英科技创新”重点项目(项目编号:CY2022-ZD-01);甘肃省科技计划项目重大项目(项目编号:21ZD4FA015、22ZD6FA021-4)。

摘　　要：目的了解谱系示踪技术的最新发展现状及它在肝再生机制研究中的应用情况。方法检索国内外关于谱系示踪技术在肝再生中应用相关研究的文献并进行综述。结果目前已发展了较多可靠且先进的谱系示踪技术,如单细胞RNA测序技术、DNA条形码技术等,为深入了解肝再生机制提供了强大的工具,它们在鉴定肝再生细胞来源、对肝再生区域鉴定及研究肝损伤后再生机制中取得了一定的进展;通过谱系示踪技术有助于了解不同类型肝细胞在肝脏结构中的位置和功能,揭示了不同亚群肝细胞的再生潜力和贡献,而且通过该技术支持了在慢性肝损伤条件下肝细胞和胆管细胞之间的转分化现象,有助于了解在肝再生中扮演关键角色的Wnt/β-catenin、Hippo/Yes相关蛋白和Notch信号通路的具体作用。结论尽管谱系示踪技术已在肝再生研究中取得了长足的进展,但由于肝再生是一个复杂而重要的生理过程,而且该技术仍存在不足,如面临标志特异性的挑战、研究周期较长且成本较高、由动物模型转化到人类临床应用时可能存在局限性、不能解决所有关于肝再生机制的问题以及伦理和法律问题,因此仍需更深入更全面的研究,以揭示肝再生机制的更多细节。Objective To understand the latest development in lineage tracing techniques and their applications in the study of liver regeneration mechanisms.Method A review of domestic and international literature on the application of lineage tracing techniques in liver regeneration was conducted.Results A variety of more reliable and advanced lineage tracing techniques had been developed,such as single-cell RNA sequencing,DNA barcode technology,etc.,providing powerful tools for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of liver regeneration.The marked progress had been made in identifying the origins of liver regeneration cells,identifying liver regeneration areas,and studying the mechanisms of liver regeneration after injury.The lineage tracing techniques help to understand the position and function of different types of liver cells within the liver structure,revealing the regenerative potential and contribution of different subpopulations of liver cells.Moreover,these techniques had supported the phenomenon of transdifferentiation between the hepatocytes and the bile duct cells under chronic liver injury conditions,aiding in understanding the specific roles of key signaling pathways in liver regeneration,such as Wnt/β-catenin,Hippo/YAP,and Notch signaling pathways.Conclusions Although lineage tracing techniques have made marked progress in liver regeneration research,liver regeneration is a complex and important physiological process,and the technique still has limitations,such as challenges in marker specificity,longer research cycles and higher costs,potential limitations in translating from animal models to human clinical applications,inability to solve all questions about liver regeneration mechanisms,and ethical and legal issues.Therefore,more in-depth and comprehensive research is still needed to reveal more details of liver regeneration mechanism.

关 键 词：谱系示踪技术 肝损伤 肝再生 机制 

分 类 号：R575[医药卫生—消化系统]