氮肥前移对水稻镉吸收转运的影响  

Effect of Advance Nitrogen Fertilizer on Cd Absorption and Translocation in Rice

作　　者：向焱赟 张小毅 尹林芝 张玉盛 肖欢 敖和军[1,2] Xiang Yanyun;Zhang Xiaoyi;Yin Linzhi;Zhang Yusheng;Xiao Huan;Ao Hejun(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,410128;Southern Grain and Oil Collaborative Innovation Center,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,410128)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学,南方粮油协同创新中心,长沙410128

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第9期2996-3004,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32172107);国家水稻产业技术体系栽培与土肥岗位专家项目(CARS-01);长沙市科技计划项目(KQ2005003)共同资助。

摘　　要：为探究氮肥前移对水稻镉吸收特性及糙米镉含量的影响,以早稻品种‘株两优819’(低镉品种)、‘陆两优996’(高镉品种)和晚稻品种‘湘晚籼13号’(低镉品种)、‘玉针香’(高镉品种)为试验材料,设3组不同的蘖肥施用方法,F1:不施氮肥、F2:氮肥作为蘖肥一次性施入、F3:氮肥以基肥:蘖肥为6:4施入。试验结果表明:与F1相比,F2与F3显著降低了早晚稻季孕穗期至成熟期根部镉含量,抑制茎叶中镉的含量,其中以F3效果最佳;在成熟期F2、F3处理显著降低了各部位镉含量和各部位间转运系数,糙米镉含量以‘株两优819’、‘陆两优996’、‘湘晚籼13号’和‘玉针香’在F3时最低,较F1显著降低了62.50%、41.67%、48.00%和55.00%。水稻DCB-Cd依不同稻季表现不同,早稻为齐穗期>孕穗期,晚稻为孕穗期>齐穗期;早晚稻DCB-Fe表现为齐穗期>孕穗期;在氮肥前移处理下,氮素促进了早稻季根表铁膜形成,且糙米镉含量与根表铁膜间呈负相关性,在晚稻季则相反,故晚稻季镉含量会高于早稻季。因此,在水稻生产中,氮肥前移可达到降低糙米镉含量的目的。In order to explore the effect of the forward transfer of nitrogen fertilizer on the cadmium absorption characteristics of rice and the cadmium content of brown rice,early rice‘Zhuliangyou819’(low cadmium variety),‘Luliangyou996’(high cadmium variety)and late rice‘Xiangwanxian13hao’(low cadmium variety),‘Yuzhenxiang’(high cadmium variety)as the test materials,and 3 different tiller fertilizer application methods are set up,F1:no nitrogen fertilizer,F2:nitrogen fertilizer as a disposable application of fertilizer,F3:base fertilizer:tiller fertilizer is 6:4 apply.The test results showed that compared with F1,F2 and F3 significantly reduced the cadmium content in the roots from the booting stage to the mature stage of the early and late rice seasons,and suppressed the cadmium content in the stems and leaves.Among them,F3 had the best effect.F2 and F3 treatments were significantly reduced the cadmium content and the transfer coefficient of each part in the mature period.The cadmium content of brown rice was the lowest under the F3 treatment in‘Zhuliangyou819’,‘Luliangyou996’,‘Xiangwanxian13’and‘Yuzhenxiang’,which were significantly lower than F1 by 62.50%,41.67%,48.00% and 55.00%.The performance of DCB-Cd in rice varies according to different rice seasons.Early rice is at full heading stage>booting stage,late rice is at booting stage>full heading stage;DCB-Fe of early and late rice is at full heading stage>booting stage;under the treatment of nitrogen forward transfer,nitrogen promoted the formation of iron plaque on the root surface of the early rice season,and there was a negative correlation between the cadmium content of brown rice and the iron plaque on the root surface,but the opposite was true in late rice,so cadmium content in late rice was higher than that in early rice.Therefore,in rice production,the forward transfer of nitrogen fertilizer can reach the purpose of reducing the cadmium content of brown rice.

关 键 词：水稻 镉 氮 根表铁膜 不同生育期 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S511[农业科学—作物学]