视网膜及脉络膜中脂质小球的研究进展  

The progress of the study of lipid globules in the retina and choroid

作　　者：李萍萍 李璐[2] 吴建华 Li Pingping;Li Lu;Wu Jianhua(Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430000,China;Eye Center,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学附属爱尔眼科医院,武汉430000 [2]武汉大学人民医院眼科中心,武汉430000

出　　处：《中华眼底病杂志》2024年第4期324-328,共5页Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81600740)。

摘　　要：视网膜和脉络膜中脂质小球是基于病理学与高分辨率光相干断层扫描(OCT)提出来的新定义。OCT检查可见脂质小球为脉络膜及视网膜中的弱反射性圆形空腔,周围没有强反射边界,其后有特征性的超反射尾。其出现在健康人眼以及以视网膜色素上皮(RPE)萎缩为特征的老年性黄斑变性中。其特征性超反射尾是与其他疾病鉴别的关键。目前,对脂质小球的认识还处于初级阶段,虽然在健康人眼睛中可以观察到脂质小球,但一定的患病率表明其与脉络膜灌注不足和RPE萎缩有关,未来需要更大规模的随机对照试验和更长的随访时间,探讨其发病机制、病变特征以及治疗预后。Lipid globules in retina and choroid are new definitions based on pathology and highresolution optical coherence tomography(OCT).OCT examination shows that the lipid globules are low reflective circular cavities in the choroid and retina,without strong reflective boundaries around them,followed by a characteristic superreflective tail.It occurs in healthy human eyes and in age-related macular degeneration characterized by retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)atrophy.Its characteristic superreflective tail is the key to distinguishing it from other diseases.At present,the understanding of lipid globules is still in the initial stage.Although lipid globules can be observed in healthy human eyes,a certain prevalence rate indicates that they are associated with choroidal hypoperfusion and RPE atrophy.In the future,larger randomized controlled trials and longer follow-up time are needed to explore its pathogenesis,pathological characteristics and treatment prognosis.

关 键 词：脂质小球 老年性黄斑变性 视网膜 脉络膜 体层摄影术 光学相干 综述 

分 类 号：R774.1[医药卫生—眼科]