褪黑素对薄皮甜瓜采后软化和乙烯合成的影响  

Effects of Melatonin on the Fruit Softening and Ethylene Synthesis of Post-harvest Oriental Melon

作　　者：陈强 黄馨慧 张峥 张冲 柳叶飞 CHEN Qiang;HUANG Xin-hui;ZHANG Zheng;ZHANG Chong;LIU Ye-fei(College of Life Science,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang 110000;Experimental Teaching Center,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang 110000;College of Horticulture,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130000)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学生命科学学院,沈阳110000 [2]沈阳师范大学实验教学中心,沈阳110000 [3]吉林农业大学园艺学院,长春130000

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2024年第4期139-147,共9页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅项目(LJKMZ20221467);国家大学生创新创业训练项目(202310166014);沈阳师范大学博士科研启动基金(BS202106)。

摘　　要：【目的】褪黑素在采后果实保鲜中发挥重要作用,探究褪黑素对薄皮甜瓜采后软化和乙烯合成的影响。【方法】以0、100、200、300、400μmol/L褪黑素溶液浸泡薄皮甜瓜‘花姑娘’果实,测定果实的硬度、失重率、腐烂率以及内源乙烯生成量,筛选出最适采后保鲜的浓度。比较褪黑素与对照果实的ACC含量、ACS以及ACO酶活性,并通过转录组测序技术,筛选出与果实软化和乙烯合成相关的差异表达基因,并通过实时荧光定量技术进行验证。【结果】在贮藏期间,200μmol/L的褪黑素处理可明显地降低薄皮甜瓜‘花姑娘’果实的失重率和腐烂率,更好地维持果实的硬度和外观。褪黑素处理可降低果实内源乙烯和ACC含量,但并未延迟高峰期的出现。转录组测序表明,褪黑素和对照在果实软化和乙烯合成途径中存在差异表达基因,褪黑素显著抑制CmPG1、CmPLB1、CmACO1、CmACO_(2)、CmACS1、CmEXP等结构基因的表达,并且部分ERF和LBD转录因子的表达也受到了抑制。【结论】应用200μmol/L的褪黑素处理‘花姑娘’可以有效延缓果实软化、重量损失,降低内源乙烯生成量,通过抑制果实软化及乙烯合成相关基因的表达,延长果实的货架期。【Objective】Melatonin plays an important role in post-harvest fruit preservation.To explore the efects of melatonin on the fruit softening and ethylene synthesis of post-harvest oriental melon.【Method】The fruit(Cucumis melo cv.‘Huaguniang’)were soaked at 0,100,200,300,400μmol/L melatonin solution,by measuring the firmness,weight loss,decay rate,and endogenous ethylene production,the optimal concentration was selected.At the optimal concentration,the ACC content and the activities of ACO and ACS were studied.Furthermore,the transcriptome sequecing and real-time PCR were used to compare the gene expression of ethylene synthesis,signal transduction pathway and fruit softening between melatonin treatment and control.【Result】200μmol/L treatment delayed the weight loss rate,slow down firmness,and prevent fruit decay and deterioration effectively.Melatonin treatment decreased the ethylene synthesis of fruit and ACC level,while did not delay the arrival of peak period.The transcriptome sequecing results indicated that there were differentially expressed genes in ethylene synthesis,signal transduction pathways and fruit softening between melatonin and control fruits.Melatonin treatment inhibited the expressions of CmACO1-2,CmACS1,CmERFs,CmEXPs and CmEFRs.【Conclusion】200μmol/L melatonin delays the weight loss rate,slows down firmness,and decreases the ethylene synthesis,by inhibiting the expressions of genes in ethylene synthesis,signal transduction pathways and fruit softening and prolong the storaage life.

关 键 词：薄皮甜瓜 褪黑素处理 乙烯合成 果实软化 基因表达 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]