基于空间句法的矿井应急疏散研究与应用  

Research and Application of Mine Emergency Evacuation Based on Space Syntax

作　　者：李雯静[1] 陈曼丽 姚囝[1] 尹东[1] 任大军[1] LI Wenjing;CHEN Manli;YAO Nan;YIN Dong;REN Dajun(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第3期200-208,共9页Metal Mine

基　　金：湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目(编号:T2020002)。

摘　　要：地下矿井作业危险,空间拓扑结构复杂,因而矿山安全事故时有发生,合理的应急疏散路线规划以及疏散指示布置,能够有效提高井下人员的逃生效率,降低人员伤亡与财产损失。结合某地下矿井实例,基于空间句法和GIS网络分析搭建地下矿井巷道网络模型,从逃生人员的空间认知角度出发,利用标准化角度选择度值选取巷道网络模型中的前景网络和背景网络作为主要避险通道,为应急疏散指示标志布置提供参考;考虑巷道宽度、巷道类型、巷道坡度等巷道基础属性信息,并结合空间句法指标——标准化角度整合度,构建巷道网络应急脆弱模型,顾及巷道空间单元的稳定性,规划井下人员的最优认知路径,进而实现了多目标的地下矿井紧急疏散路线规划。该研究不仅能够为地下矿井的巷道布局设计提供建议,还可为地下矿井的应急疏散路线规划辅助决策、应急预案制定提供理论依据,同时为紧急避险系统的建设与完善提供新的思路。The operation of underground mines is dangerous and the spatial topology is complex,so mine safety accidents often occur.Reasonable emergency evacuation path planning and evacuation instructions can effectively improve the escape ef-ficiency of underground personnel and reduce casualties and property losses.Combined with an example of an underground mine,an underground mine roadway network model is built based on space syntax and GIS network analysis.From the perspec-tive of spatial cognition of escape personnel,the foreground network and background network in the roadway network model are selected as the main avoidance points by using the standardized angle choice degree.It provides a reference for the layout of e-mergency evacuation indicators.Considering the basic roadway attribute information such as roadway width,roadway type and roadway slope,and combined with the space syntax index(standardized angle integration degree),an emergency vulnerability model of roadway network is constructed.Considering the stability of roadway spatial units,the optimal cognitive path of under-ground personnel is planned,and multi-objective emergency evacuation route planning of underground mine is realized.This re-search can not only provide suggestions for the design of tunnel layout in underground mines,but also assist decision-making for emergency evacuation path planning in underground mines,provide theoretical basis for the formulation of emergency plans,and provide new ideas for the construction of emergency hedging systems.

关 键 词：空间句法 空间认知 应急脆弱性 当量长度 巷道网络模型 路径规划 

分 类 号：TD77[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]