氨/氢燃料射流点火船用发动机燃烧特性  

Study on the Combustion Characteristics of Ammonia/Hydrogen Fuel Jet Ignition in Marine Engines

作　　者：魏胜利[1] 张绍邦 严书哲 张志成 倪士栋 WEI Shengli;ZHANG Shaobang;YAN Shuzhe;ZHANG Zhicheng;NI Shidong(School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2024年第5期124-132,共9页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52206148);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(苏政办发〔2018〕87号)。

摘　　要：为突破氨在发动机中的燃烧局限性,促进氨燃料高效快速燃烧,提出了一种利用氢气射流火焰点燃氨燃料的方案。通过向主动式预燃室供给氢气,进气道内预混氨/氢燃料,实现氨在大缸径船用发动机上的稳定高效燃烧。基于数值模拟计算方法,在改进了Otomo氨/氢机理基础上,探究了进气温度、掺混氢气的质量分数和主燃室当量比对氨/氢燃料着火与燃烧特性的影响。研究结果表明,射流火焰可以在主燃烧室形成燃烧所需的热力学环境和高活性热射流。在当量比为0.4、不掺混氢气的条件下,450 K进气温度可以实现氨燃料发动机的稀薄燃烧,在掺混氢气的质量分数较低时,射流点火对火焰发展促进作用更显著;掺混氢气的质量分数提高至10.0%可以使燃烧相位提前18°,但爆震风险增加;在进气温度为320 K和掺混氢气的质量分数为2.5%条件下,主燃室在当量比最小为0.45时可正常着火,但随着更接近理论空燃比的燃烧,指示热效率略有提升,主动预燃室氢射流点火的燃烧模式在实现氨发动机高效快速燃烧方面具有良好的潜力。To break through the limitations of ammonia combustion in engines and promote efficient and rapid combustion of ammonia,a method for igniting ammonia fuel using a hydrogen jet flame is proposed.By supplying hydrogen to the active pre-combustion chamber and premixing ammonia/hydrogen fuel in the inlet tract,stable and efficient combustion of ammonia in a large bore marine engine is achieved.The effects of inlet gas temperature,hydrogen addition ratio and main combustion chamber equivalent ratio on the ignition characteristics of the ammonia-hydrogen fuel are investigated based on numerical simulation methods and improved Otomo ammonia/hydrogen mechanism.Results show that jet flames can develop the thermodynamic environment and high active heat jets required for combustion in the main combustion chamber.At an equivalence ratio of 0.4 and no hydrogen addition,thin combustion of ammonia-fueled engines can be achieved at an inlet temperature of 450 K.Jet ignition has a more significant effect on flame development at lower hydrogen addition ratios;increasing the hydrogen addition ratio to 10.0%advances the combustion phase by 18°,but there is an increased risk of detonation;at an inlet temperature of 320 K and a hydrogen addition ratio of 2.5%,the main combustion chamber can ignite normally at a minimum equivalence ratio of 0.45,but there is a slight increase in indicated thermal efficiency as combustion approaches the theoretical air-fuel ratio.The combustion mode of active pre-combustion chamber hydrogen jet ignition shows promising potential for achieving efficient and fast combustion in ammonia engines.

关 键 词：氨/氢燃料 船用发动机 预燃室 射流点火 燃烧特性 

分 类 号：TK432[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]