形式的历史批判:托尼·本尼特与马克思主义批评的历史转型  

Historical Criticism of Form:Tony Bennett and the Historical Turn of Marxist Criticism

作　　者：余燕莉 YU Yanli(School of Studies in Basic Education,South China Normal University,Shanwei,Guangdong 516600;Center for Aesthetic Culture and Critical Theory,South China Normal University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510006)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学基础教育学院,广东汕尾516600 [2]华南师范大学审美文化与批判理论研究中心,广东广州510006

出　　处：《中国文学研究》2024年第2期25-32,共8页Research of Chinese Literature

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“当代西方美学社会学转向问题研究”(23&ZD233)。

摘　　要：当代后马克思主义批评家托尼·本尼特穿梭在形式主义与马克思主义之间,其理论超越了批评审美化的抽象误区。在发掘巴赫金诗学遗产和吸纳新历史主义等理论资源之后,他将文学文本纳入历史唯物化的过程当中并创构了实践性的体裁社会学。本尼特的体裁社会学通过文本历史化的治理实践重塑一种全新的历史诗学,其坚持践行制度的文学历史学避免了后学时代以非本质、不固定和无所指为特点的思潮对左派力量的持续削弱,使其能够成为激活所指并借回溯历史而形成把握政治的理论代表。这不仅扭转了晚期马克思主义批评的形而上学问题,而且在后现代主义文化视域中共同推进马克思主义批评的历史转型。The criticism of Formalism and Marxism by the contemporary post-Marxist critic Tony Bennett casts away the overemphasis on aestheticization.After exploring Bakhtin’s poetic heritage and absorbing theories from other fields such as new historicism,Bennett proposes the sociology of genres by integrating literary texts into historical materialist institution.Bennett’s sociology of genre offers a new historical poetics through the governing practice of text historicalization.The literary historiography that practices institutionalized discourse has prevented the continuous weakening of leftist forces by avoiding the non-essentialist,unstable features and non-signified in the post-modernist era.It has become a representative of resuming signified and embracing history for political implications.This not only reverses the metaphysical tendencies of late Marxist criticism,but also promotes the historical turn of Marxist criticism in post-modernist culture.

关 键 词：托尼·本尼特 文本形而上学 文化治理 文学历史学 

分 类 号：I01[文学—文学理论]