青藏高原盐湖卤水中溴的分布特征及来源初探  

Distribution characteristics and possible sources of bromine in salt lakes on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

作　　者：蔚昊学 李庆宽 都永生[1,2] 秦占杰 樊启顺[1,2] 唐发满 杨佺忠[4] 甘仁香 山发寿 袁秦 Yu Haoxue;Li Qingkuan;Du Yongsheng;Qin Zhanjie;Fan Qishun;Tang Faman;Yang Quanzhong;Gan Renxiang;Shan Fashou;Yuan Qin(Key Laboratory of Green and High-end Utilization of Salt Lake Resources,Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,P.R.China;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes,Xining 810008,P.R.China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,P.R.China;Minmetals Salt Lake Co.,Ltd,Xining 810008,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院青海盐湖研究所,盐湖资源绿色高值利用重点实验室,西宁810008 [2]青海省盐湖地质与环境重点实验室,西宁810008 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]五矿盐湖有限公司,西宁810008

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2024年第3期827-835,共9页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42202096);青海省科技厅自然科学基金青年基金项目(2021-ZJ-974Q);第二次青藏高原综合考察项目(2019QZKK0805)联合资助。

摘　　要：溴是完备工业体系的关键必备元素。盐湖卤水是溴的重要来源。青藏高原盐湖众多,富含钾、锂、硼等资源元素,开发潜力巨大。然而,目前针对青藏高原盐湖溴浓度、分布特征及其物源的研究仍然薄弱。本次研究采集了26个青藏高原盐湖表卤水样品并分析其溴浓度,进一步总结其他64个已报道盐湖数据,系统分析了青藏高原盐湖溴浓度分布特征,并进一步探讨了溴的可能物源。结果表明:青藏高原盐湖表卤水溴分布在0.5~246.8 mg/L之间,平均为41.1 mg/L,其中,碳酸盐型盐湖卤水平均溴浓度最高(47.0 mg/L),且集中分布在高原南部,而氯化物型盐湖平均溴浓度最低(30.1mg/L),盐湖溴浓度呈现自南向北降低的趋势;青藏高原盐湖中溴有多种来源,高原南部富溴盐湖溴的来源可能主要与热泉补给有关,而柴达木盆地盐湖高溴来源可能主要与深部地层水(如油田水、背斜构造裂隙孔隙水、砂砾孔隙卤水、气田水等)补给有关。Bromine is a key essential element in a complete industrial system.Salt lake is an important source of bromine.There are numerous salt lakes in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,which are rich in resource elements such as potassium,lithium,and boron,with enormous development potential.However,researches on the bromine content,distribution characteristics,and sources of salt lakes in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau are still limit.This study collected 26 surface brine samples from salt lakes on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and analyzed their bromine contents.It further summarized data from 64 other reported salt lakes,systematically analyzed the distribution characteristics of bromine content in salt lakes on the Plateau,and further explored potential sources of bromine.The results showed that the distribution of Br in the surface brine of salt lakes on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau ranged from 0.5 to 246.8 mg/L,with an average of 41.1 mg/L.High bromine salt lakes were concentrated in the southern part of the plateau,showing a decreasing trend from south to north.At the same time,the average bromine content of carbonate type salt lakes was the highest,while the average bromine content of chloride type salt lakes was the lowest;Evaporation concentration was not the main controlling factor for the enrichment of bromine in salt lake.There are multiple sources of bromine in salt lakes,and the sources of bromine in bromine rich salt lakes in the southern plateau might be mainly related to the supply of hot springs,while the high bromine sources in salt lakes in the Qaidam Basin were mainly related to the supply of deep formation water.

关 键 词：青藏高原 盐湖 溴 分布特征 物源 

分 类 号：TS311[轻工技术与工程]