基于银膜的自准直光纤法布里-珀罗腔设计及声源定位研究  

Design of Self-collimating Fiber FP Cavity and Localization of Sound Source Based on Silver Film

作　　者：郭一霖 李一豪 罗彬彬[1] 邹雪[1,2] 吴德操 李恭烨 曹盛 石胜辉 赵明富[1] GUO Yilin;LI Yihao;LUO Binbin;ZOU Xue;WU Decao;LI Gongye;CAO Sheng;SHI Shenghui;ZHAO Mingfu(Chongqing Key Laboratory optical Fiber Sensor and Photoelectric Detection,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China;School of Communications and Information Engineering,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆理工大学光纤传感与光电检测重庆市重点实验室,重庆400054 [2]重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院,重庆400065

出　　处：《光子学报》2024年第4期146-157,共12页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：重庆英才青年拔尖人才计划(No.cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0128);重庆英才创新领军人才计划(No.CSTC2021YCJH-BGZXM0287);重庆市自然科学基金创新与发展联合基金项目(No.CSTB2023NSCQ-LZX0008);重庆理工大学科研创新团队培育计划项目(No.2023TDZ002);重庆理工大学研究生科研创新项目(No.gzlcx20223055)。

摘　　要：提出一种基于银膜的自准直外腔式光纤法布里-珀罗(EFPI)干涉仪声传感器阵列,用于中低频声信号的检测以及二维平面声源定位。传感器阵列由三个相同结构的EFPI组成,结构简单、制作简便。银膜的应用和准直器的引入提高了传感器的声压灵敏度,扩大了声源定位范围。实验结果表明:单个传感器声压灵敏度为185 mV/Pa,最小可探测声压为52.7μPa/Hz^(1/2)@500 Hz。在声源指向性实验中,声源设置在传感器正前方时,其声压灵敏度达到185 mV/Pa,声源设置在传感器侧面(90°,270°)时,其声压灵敏度衰减仅为4.5%。传感器阵列结合到达时间差技术,成功实现高精度的声源定位,系统的理论空间分辨率为0.71 cm,最大定位误差不超过2.8 cm,定位范围为200 cm×200 cm,具有成本低、实用性高等优点。Sound source localization is a pivotal research area within the field of acoustics,finding extensive applications in domains such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)navigation,intelligent traffic systems,medical imaging,and structural health monitoring.Traditional sound source localization methods typically rely on arrays of multiple microphones or sensor networks.Nevertheless,these conventional approaches are beset by challenges related to complex installation,intricate data processing,and poor resistance to interference.In recent years,there has been considerable attention directed towards the emerging field of optical fiber-based acoustic localization,within which most optical fiber-based detection systems have employed Fiber Bragg Grating(FBG)sensor arrays due to their wavelength-based multiplexing capabilities.However,FBG sensors exhibit limitations in sensitivity.In contrast,optical fiber Extrinsic Fabry-Perot Interferometer(EFPI)sensors,with their probe-like structure and advantages in terms of high sensitivity and structural simplicity,are better suited for sound source localization.In this research endeavor,we have introduced optical fiber collimators within EFPI sensor arrays to develop a self-collimating optical fiber-based EFPI acoustic sensor array.The primary objective is to augment the sound pressure sensitivity and detection range of the sensor array.The designed sensor array exhibits elevated acoustic sensitivity and an expanded spatial detection range,thus holding immense potential for applications in sound source localization and the detection of partial discharge phenomena.Firstly,the optical field distribution of a quarter-pitch-length gradient multimode optical fiber was verified using Rsoft software.Subsequently,an EFPI(Extrinsic Fabry-Perot Interferometer)acoustic sensor with a self-collimating optical fiber was designed.To assess whether the proposed sensor exhibits enhanced sensitivity to sound pressure,it was compared to an EFPI acoustic sensor without the self-collimating feature.Next,thre

关 键 词：光纤声传感器 法布里-珀罗谐振腔 自准直器 声源定位 到达时间差 

分 类 号：TN253[电子电信—物理电子学]