PBL教学法在肾内科临床实习中的应用  

Application of PBL Teaching Method in Clinical Practice of Nephrology

作　　者：唐莼 林莲 张雪梅[1] 陈冬妮[1] 黄丽琪 郑智华[1] TANG Chun;LIN Lian;ZHANG Xuemei;CHEN Dongni;HUANG Liqi;ZHENG Zhihua(Kidney Disease Center,the Seventh Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University,Shenzhen Guangdong 518107,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第七医院肾脏病中心,广东深圳518107

出　　处：《中国继续医学教育》2024年第8期45-49,共5页China Continuing Medical Education

基　　金：深圳市“医疗卫生三名工程”项目(SZSM201911013);中山大学本科教学改革与教学质量工程类项目(教务[2020]72号)。

摘　　要：医学生对肾脏疾病的兴趣正在减弱,选择肾脏病作为专业方向的医学生比例正在下降,其中肾脏病学的复杂性是重要原因之一。以问题为基础的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)以建构式、体验式、自主学习为原则,减轻学生信息的负担。将其运用于医学生向医生转变的重要阶段即临床实习中,有助于学生更好地跨系统应用所学知识,增强学生对肾脏病学的理解,提高教学质量,并激发学生在未来专业选择上对肾脏病学的兴趣,提升其诊疗水平,从而缓解肾脏病领域的劳动力危机,更好地服务于日益增多的肾脏病患者。文章复习文献总结PBL教学法的特点及重要性,并探讨该教学法在肾脏病临床实习教学中的意义。以急性肾损伤为例,探索PBL教学法在肾内科临床实习中的应用,并对其优缺点进行深入分析,以期为PBL教学法在肾内科临床实习中的应用提供借鉴。The interest of medical students in kidney disease is weakening,and the proportion of medical students choosing kidney disease as their professional direction is decreasing.Among them,the complexity of kidney disease is one of the important reasons.Problem-based learning(PBL)adopts the principles of constructive,experiential,and self-directed learning to reduce the burden of information on students.Applying it to the important stage of medical students transitioning to doctors,namely clinical internships,can help students better apply their knowledge across systems,enhance their understanding of nephrology,improve teaching quality,and stimulate their interest in nephrology in future professional choices,improve their diagnostic and treatment levels,thereby alleviating the labor crisis in the field of nephrology and better serving the increasing number of nephrology patients.The article reviews literature and summarizes the characteristics and importance of PBL teaching method,and explores the significance of this teaching method in clinical internship teaching of kidney disease.Taking acute kidney injury as an example,this study explores the application of PBL teaching method in clinical internships in nephrology,and conducts in-depth analysis of its advantages and disadvantages,so as to provide reference for the application of PBL in clinical internships in nephrology.

关 键 词：PBL 肾内科 临床实习 学习兴趣 专业选择 应用 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]