2013-2022年上海市浦东沿江片区中小学生视力不良动态变化分析  

Analysis on dynamic changes of poor eyesight among primary and middle school students in communities along the Yangtze river in Pudong of Shanghai city from 2013 to 2022

作　　者：邵洁[1] 陈金枝 张怡[1] 徐飞燕[1] 黄倩[1] SHAO Jie;CHEN Jin-zhi;ZHANG Yi;XU Fei-yan;HUANG Qian(Preventive Health Care Section,The Health Service Center of Weifang Community,Pudong New Area,Shanghai 200122,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区潍坊社区卫生服务中心预防保健科,上海200122

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2024年第2期97-101,共5页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：上海市浦东新区卫健委资助项目(PW2021A-62);上海市浦东新区卫健委学科带头人项目(PWRd2021-08);上海市“沪眼星光”培养计划项目(HYXG-SQ07)。

摘　　要：目的分析2013-2022年上海市浦东沿江片区中小学生视力不良动态变化的特点和规律,为实施儿童青少年的近视防控策略提供理论依据。方法采用2013-2022年上海市浦东沿江片区中小学生视力检测相关数据,收集47249名中小学生的视力检测结果,分析不同年度、年龄、性别中小学生的视力不良检出率、视力不良程度及其变化情况。结果2013-2022年上海市浦东沿江片区中小学生历年的总视力不良检出率呈逐年上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=77.54,P<0.01)。除2017年外,在其余各年度比较中,女生视力不良检出率均高于男生(χ^(2)值分别为10.72、6.79、6.43、12.41、22.81、37.03、19.73、6.53、6.40,P均<0.05)。2013-2022年上海市浦东沿江片区小学低年级学生多为轻度视力不良和中度视力不良,小学高年级和初中学生以重度视力不良为主。2013-2022年各年度调查中,中小学生各年度的视力不良检出率随年龄升高均呈逐年上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)值分别为279.88、254.75、482.50、228.88、201.32、207.51、277.87、432.91、416.26、574.65,P均<0.01)。学生视力不良检出率发展速度最快年度为2020年(定基比为117.86%),其中8~9岁是视力不良检出率增长最快的阶段。视力不良检出率≥70%的学生年龄集中在11~16岁。结论2013-2022年上海市浦东沿江片区中小学生视力现状不乐观,有重度化、低龄化特点。Objective To analyze the characteristics and trend of the dynamic changes of visual impairment among primary and middle school students in communities along the Yangtze river in Pudong of Shanghai city from 2013 to 2022,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the implementation of myopia prevention and control strategies in children and adolescents.Methods Data related to vision testing of primary and secondary school students in communities along the Yangtze river in Pudong of Shanghai city from 2013 to 2022 were used to collect the vision test results of 47249 primary and secondary school students,and to analyze the detection rate of poor vision,the degree of poor vision,and its changes in primary and secondary school students of different years,ages,and genders.Results From 2013 to 2022,the total detection rate of poor vision among primary and middle school students has been increasing year by year(χ_(trend)^(2)=77.54,P<0.01).Except for 2017,the detection rate of poor vision of girls is higher than that of boys in all other annual comparisons(χ^(2)=10.72,6.79,6.43,12.41,22.81,37.03,19.73,6.53,6.40,P<0.05).From 2013 to 2022,among the lower primary school students with poor vision,most of them were mild or moderate visual impairment;most visual impairment were severe in high-level graders in primary school and students in middle school.In the annual surveys from 2013 to 2022,the visual impairment rate of primary and middle school students increased with age(χ^(2)=279.88,254.75,482.50,228.88,201.32,207.51,277.87,432.91,416.26,574.65,P<0.01).The year with the fastest increase of the rate of poor vision among students was the year 2020(the fixed base ratio was 117.86%),and the age of 8 to 9 was the fastest growing stage regarding the rate of poor vision.Students with 11-16 years old had higher poor vision rate≥70%.Conclusion The visual acuity status of students in primary and middle school in the Pudong area of Shanghai is not optimistic,which shows the characteristics of severe visual impairment and common i

关 键 词：视力不良 近视 中小学生 学校卫生 

分 类 号：R778.1[医药卫生—眼科] G627.8[医药卫生—临床医学]