笼养密度对公母分饲黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官发育、抗氧化能力、肠道组织形态及免疫相关基因mRNA表达的影响  

Effects of Cage Density on Growth Performance,Immune Organ Development,Antioxidant Capacity,Intestinal Tissue Morphology and mRNA Expression of Immune-Related Genes of Male and Female Separately-Fed Yellow-Feathered Broilers

作　　者：姬改革[1] 巨晓军 单艳菊[1] 章明[1] 邹剑敏[1] 屠云洁[1] 刘一帆[1] 束婧婷[1] 庞立川 范晨宇 JI Gaige;JU Xiaojun;SHAN Yanju;ZHANG Ming;ZOU Jianmin;TU Yunjie;LIU Yifan;SHU Jingting;PANG Lichuan;FAN Chenyu(Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Poultry Heredity&Breeding,Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science,Yangzhou 225125,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省家禽科学研究所,江苏省家禽遗传育种重点实验室,扬州225125 [2]湖南农业大学动物科技学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第4期2277-2291,共15页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20210955);江苏省种业振兴揭榜挂帅项目(JBGS〔2021〕107);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-41);江苏省农业重大新品种创制项目(PZCZ201728);农业生物育种重大项目(2023ZD04064);江苏现代农业(肉鸡)产业技术体系集成创新中心(JATS[2022]399)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探讨笼养密度对公母分饲黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官发育、抗氧化能力、肠道组织形态及免疫相关基因mRNA表达的影响。选用21日龄黄脚麻鸡720只,3层层叠式笼内饲喂,鸡笼规格为长×宽×高=1.2 m×0.8 m×0.4 m,公鸡和母鸡分开饲养,均随机分为4组(每组5个重复),笼养密度分别为15(低密度组)、17(中密度组)、19(中高密度组)和21只/m 2(高密度组)。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)对于公鸡,21~42日龄时,高密度组平均日采食量显著低于低密度组和中密度组(P<0.05);43~63日龄时,中高密度组和高密度组平均日采食量显著低于低密度组和中密度组(P<0.05),中高密度组和高密度组平均日增重显著低于低密度组(P<0.05)。对于母鸡,21~42日龄时,中高密度组和高密度组平均日采食量显著低于低密度组(P<0.05),高密度组平均日增重显著低于低密度组(P<0.05);43~63日龄时,高密度组平均日采食量显著低于低密度组和中密度组(P<0.05),中高密度组平均日增重显著低于低密度组(P<0.05)。2)对于公鸡,低密度组肝脏重量显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),肝脏指数显著低于高密度组(P<0.05)。3)对于母鸡,中密度组血清超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于高密度组(P<0.05),中高密度组血清丙二醛含量显著高于高密度组(P<0.05)。4)对于公鸡,中密度组空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著高于高密度组(P<0.05)。对于母鸡,高密度组十二指肠隐窝深度显著高于中高密度组(P<0.05),中高密度组十二指肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著高于高密度组(P<0.05);高密度组空肠绒毛高度显著低于中密度组和中高密度组(P<0.05),高密度组空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著低于低密度组(P<0.05);高密度组回肠隐窝深度显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。5)对于公鸡,中高密度组空肠肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)mRNA相对表达量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。对于母鸡,中高密度组空肠核因子E2相�The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of cage density on growth performance,immune organ development,antioxidant capacity,intestinal tissue morphology and mRNA expression of immune-related genes of male and female separately-fed yellow-feathered broilers.A total of 720 twenty-one-day-old yellow-footed hemp chickens were selected and raised in three layers of cascading cage(length×width×height=1.2 m×0.8 m×0.4 m),and male and female broilers were reared separately and randomly divided into 4 groups(5 replicates in each group),which were 15(low density group),17(medium density group),19(medium-high density group)and 21 birds/m2(high density group),respectively.The experimental period was 42 days.The results showed as follows:1)for male broilers,during 21 to 42 days of age,the average daily feed intake of high density group was significantly lower than that of low density group and medium density group(P<0.05);during 43 to 63 days of age,the average daily feed intake of medium-high density group and high density group was significantly lower than that of low density group and medium density group(P<0.05),and the average daily gain of medium-high density group and high density group was significantly lower than that of low density group(P<0.05).For female broilers,during 21 to 42 days of age,the average daily feed intake of medium-high density group and high density group was significantly lower than that of low density group(P<0.05),and the average daily gain of high density group was significantly lower than that of low density group(P<0.05);during 43 to 63 days of age,the average daily feed intake of high density group was significantly lower than that of low density group and medium density group(P<0.05),and the average daily gain of medium-high density group was significantly lower than that of low density group(P<0.05).2)For male broilers,the liver weight of low density group was significantly lower than that of other groups(P<0.05),and the liver index was significantly lower than that of

关 键 词：黄羽肉鸡 笼养密度 生长性能 免疫 肠道形态 抗氧化 基因表达 

分 类 号：S834.2[农业科学—畜牧学]