技术溢出、贸易成本与经济地理新均衡——克鲁格曼中心-外围模型新拓展  

Technology Spillover,Transaction Cost and New Equilibrium of Economic Geography:A New Extension of the Krugman’s Core-Peripheral Model

作　　者：何雄浪[1] 陈贤青 HE Xionglang;CHEN Xianqing(School of Economics,Southwestern Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学经济学院,成都610041

出　　处：《开发研究》2024年第2期1-14,共14页Research On Development

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“环境约束下长江经济带城市群产业联动高质量发展研究”(21BJL045)。

摘　　要：发展的新经济地理学模型认为固定成本不再是外生变量,而是与技术溢出有关的内生变量,企业会因为技术溢出的正向外部性减小固定生产成本而获得更多收益。发展的新经济地理学模型是对克鲁格曼中心-外围模型的新拓展,与原始中心-外围模型相比,得出有特色的研究结论主要有本地技术溢出效应增强会促进产业的集聚,而跨界技术溢出效应的增强会促使产业空间分布趋向分散。与原始中心-外围模型相比,技术溢出导致对称结构稳定均衡的贸易自由度范围更窄,而中心-外围结构稳定均衡的贸易自由度范围更宽;当贸易自由度较大、本地技术溢出效应较大或跨界技术溢出效应较小时,市场拥挤效应可能不存在,此时市场拥挤效应转化为促进产业集聚的动力;突破点既可以小于持续点也可以等于持续点或大于持续点,由此,随着贸易自由度的变化,产业空间结构的演化不仅可以表现为突变的特征,也可以表现出渐变的特征。驼峰状集聚租金曲线是存在的,即使在完全贸易自由度条件下,集聚租金也不会消失。The developing new economic geography model believes that fixed cost is no longer an exogenous variable,but an endogenous variable related to technology spillover.Enterprises gain more benefits by reducing fixed production costs due to the positive externalities of technology spillovers.The developing new economic geography model is a new extension of the Krugman’s core-peripheral model.Compared with the original core-periphery model,the distinctive research conclusions drawn in this article mainly include:the enhancement of local technology spillover effect can promote industrial agglomeration,while increase of cross-boundary technology spillover effect contributes to the spatial decentralization of industries.Compared with the original core-periphery model,technology spillover leads to a narrower range of trade freedom with a symmetric structure in stable equilibrium while a wider one of trade freedom as for core-periphery structures in stable equilibrium;when trade freedom becomes greater,local technology spillover effect becomes stronger or cross-boundary technology spillover effect becomes more modest,market congestion effects may not exist.At this point,it transforms into driving forces for promoting industrial agglomeration;the breakthrough point can be either smaller than,equal to,or bigger than the duration point.Therefore,along with the changes of trade freedom,the evolution of industrial spatial structure can not only demonstrate sudden changes,but also gradual changes.The hump-shaped agglomeration rent curve exists,and even under the conditions of full trade freedom,agglomeration rent does not disappear.

关 键 词：技术溢出 贸易成本 中心-外围模型 新经济地理学 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理] F752[经济管理—国民经济] F129.9