膜际栽培条件下种植密度对黄芪光合指标和产量质量的影响  

Effect of Planting Density on Photosynthetic Indexes and Yield Quality of Astragalus membranaceus Under Intermembrane Cultivation Conditions

作　　者：毛端 韩翠 张雄[1] 叶庆忠 魏骞 纪晓玲[1] MAO Duan;HAN Cui;ZHANG Xiong;YE Qingzhong;WEI Qian;JI Xiaoling(College of Life Sciences,Yulin University,Yulin,Shaanxi 719000,China;Yulin Guangjitang Chinese Medicine Development Co.,Yulin,Shaanxi 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]榆林学院生命科学学院,陕西榆林719000 [2]榆林市广济堂中药开发有限责任公司,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2024年第3期48-54,共7页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展基金陕西省工程技术研究中心项目(2022ZY2-GCZX-05);陕西省农业农村厅科技创新驱动项目(2022NYT01);榆林市科技局产学研合作项目(CXY-2021-83);榆林学院研究生创新基金项目(2022YLYCX10)。

摘　　要：本研究以蒙古黄芪种苗为研究对象,采用随机区组试验设计,在膜际栽培技术下设置DM为158 731株/hm^(2)、ZM为185 278株/hm^(2)、GM为266 800株/hm^(2),固定行距30 cm。采用灰色关联度法和相关性分析了蒙古黄芪根系指标、光合指标、产量和质量。结果表明:种植密度与根长、根鲜重及根干重显著正相关(P<0.05),与侧根数没有相关性;种植密度与叶绿素含量、蒸腾速率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与黄芪净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度呈显著正相关(P<0.05);种植密度与根数呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与产量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。在ZM密度下,黄芪甲苷和毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷含量均最高,经济效益最好,不同种植密度的等权关联度和加权关联度结果为ZM>GM>DM。综上所述,在膜际栽培条件下,ZM种植密度能够显著提高黄芪光合指标及产量质量构成因素。In this study,Mongolian Astragalus seedlings were planted in a randomized group experimental design with a fixed row spacing of 30 cm under the interfilm cultivation technique:158731 plants/hm^(2) for DM,185278 plants/hm^(2) for ZM and 266800 plants/hm^(2) for GM.The root index,photosynthetic index,yield and quality of Mongolian Astragalus were analyzed using the gray correlation method and correlation.The results showed that planting density had a significant positive correlation(P<0.05)with root length,root fresh weight and root dry weight,but no correlation with lateral root number.Planting density had a highly significant positive correlation(P<0.01)with chlorophyll content and transpiration rate,and a significant positive correlation(P<0.05)with net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and intercellular CO_(2) concentration of Astragalus.Planting density had a highly significant negative correlation(P<0.01)with rood number,but had positive correlation with yield(P<0.01).At ZM density,both Astragalus methyloside and mullein isoflavone glucoside contents were the highest,showing the the best economic efficiency.The equal-weighted correlation and weighted correlation results for different planting densities were ZM>GM>DM.In conclusion,ZM planting density under interfilm cultivation conditions significantly improves photosynthetic index and yield quality components of Astragalus.

关 键 词：黄芪 种植密度 光合指标 产量 质量 灰色关联度 相关性 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]