社区营造中的城市居民:为何参与及何以可为?——以沈阳市X区“车棚革命”为例  

Urban Residents in Community Building:Why Participate and What Can Be Done?--Taking the“Bicycle Shed Revolution”in X District of Shenyang City as An Example

作　　者：张平[1] 董小玮 周倩 ZHANG Ping;DONG Xiaowei;ZHOU Qian(School of Humanities and Law,Northeastern University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110169;Party School of the Huaiyin District in Jinan City Committee of CPC,Jinan,Shandong 250022)

机构地区：[1]东北大学文法学院,辽宁沈阳110169 [2]中共济南市槐荫区委党校,山东济南250022

出　　处：《长白学刊》2024年第3期122-134,共13页Changbai Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“中国城市社区治理评价指数模型构建与应用研究”(20AZZ009)。

摘　　要：实现人自由而全面的发展是中国式现代化的最终目标。社区营造“造人”的核心追求与之不谋而合,尤其关注最为核心、最具规模的社区居民。以对社区居民的深度访谈字表为研究对象,运用扎根理论方法探究城市居民参与社区营造的影响因素,并构建城市居民参与社区营造行为选择模型。研究发现,态度、主观规范、党委领导、政府负责、社区动员、社区社会资本以及自我效能感七大因素构成城市居民参与社区营造的影响因素,作为实现因素的自我效能感在倾向因素、环境因素、组织因素和参与行为之间起中介作用,态度和主观规范相互影响。主体信念是行为选择的根本性指引,城市社区居民参与社区营造理应回归培植个体公共性、建构共同体意识的逻辑之中。未来应该从个体塑造和组织促成两个维度发力,以需求撬动居民态度和自我效能感,以互动培育社区社会资本,发挥党委、政府、社区自治组织等主体的协同作用,构建人人有责、人人尽责、人人享有的社会治理共同体。The ultimate goal of Chinese-style modernization is to realize the free and comprehensive development of people.The core pursuit of“cultivating people”in community building coincides with it,especially focusing on the most core and large-scale community residents.The study takes the in-depth interview data of community residents as the research object,uses the grounded theory method to explore the influencing factors of urban residents’participation in community building,and constructs a theoretical model.The study found that the seven major influencing factors of urban residents’participation in community building include attitude,subjective norms,the lead of Party committee,government guidance,community mobilization,community social capital and self-efficacy.The self-efficacy,as a realization factor,plays a mediating effect among tendency factor,environmental factor,organizational factor and participation behavior,and the attitude and subjective norms influence each other.The belief of the subject is the fundamental guide for behavioral choices,and the participation of urban community residents in community building should return to the logic of cultivating individual publicness and constructing a sense of community.In the future,we should focus on two dimensions of individual shaping and organizational promotion.We should leverage the attitudes and self-efficacy of residents based on their needs,cultivate community social capital through interaction,leverage the collaborative role of the Party committees,governments,community autonomous organizations and other entities,and build a social governance community where everyone has a responsibility,everyone is responsible and everyone enjoys it.

关 键 词：社区营造 城市居民 居民参与 扎根理论 影响因素 

分 类 号：D669[政治法律—政治学]