中文词语远距离联想测验的编制及初步探索  

Development and Preliminary Exploration of Chinese Word Remote Associates Test

作　　者：陈静 许天委 陈群林 CHEN Jing;XU Tianwei;CHEN Qunlin(Faculty of Psychology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Qiongtai Normal University Key Laboratory of Child Cognition&Behavior Development of Hainan Province,Haikou 571127,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学部,认知与人格教育部重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]琼台师范学院海南省儿童认知与行为发展重点实验室,海口571127

出　　处：《心理技术与应用》2024年第5期283-295,共13页Psychology(Techniques and Applications)

基　　金：海南省哲学社会科学规划课题(HNSK(ZC)22-206)。

摘　　要：远距离联想测验(RAT)及其变式复合远距离联想测验(CRAT)是揭示聚合思维和顿悟认知神经机制最常用的实验材料,也是评估个体创造性潜能的常用测试。相较于CRAT,RAT更适合跨文化研究。但由于语言文化差异以及中文词语联结方式的多样性,直接修订RAT并不可取,亟需发展中文词语远距离联想测验(CWRAT)。基于经典的联结层级理论和中文语境下的联结特性,研究采用等级计分模式,编制了80个CWRAT条目,并丰富了条目的难度、顿悟感以及联结方式等参数信息。效度检验显示CWRAT与创造性类比推理、创造性成就、经验开放性显著相关。采用潜在类别分析,以联结方式为分类指标对条目进行分类。结果显示CWRAT条目可划分为三个类别,C1和C3类别主要包含象征和比喻联结,条目表现出更高的顿悟感,而涉及更多常规性联想的C2类别表现出较低的顿悟感和难度。该结果表明CWRAT的顿悟体验的差异受到不同联结方式的影响。本测量不仅丰富了现有中文创造性测评工具库,也为创造性的跨文化比较提供了新的实验材料。Remote associates test(RAT)and its variant Compound RAT(CRAT)are the most commonly used experimental materials to reveal the neural mechanism of convergent thinking and insight,as well as to measure individual creative potential.Compared with CRAT,RAT is more suitable for cross-cultural research.However,direct revisions to the RAT are unsuitable due to linguistic and cultural differences and the diversity in Chinese word association methods,necessitating the development of the Chinese Word RAT(CWRAT).Based on the classical hierarchical theory of association and the association characteristics in Chinese context,this study developed 80 CWRAT items,enhancing item parameters such as difficulty,insight level,and association methods.Given the non-uniqueness of answers,a gradient scoring model was implemented.Validity tests indicated significant correlations of CWRAT with creative analogical reasoning,creative achievement,and openness to experience.Using Latent Class Analysis(LCA)with association methods as classification indicators,the items were categorized into three groups.C1 and C3,characterized by higher probabilities of symbolic/metaphorical associations,showed higher levels of insight,whereas C2,involving more conventional associations,indicated lower levels of insight and difficulty.These results demonstrate that the variance in the insight experience of CWRAT is influenced by different association methods.This measurement not only enriches the toolkit for assessing creativity in the Chinese context but also provides new material for cross-cultural comparisons in creativity.

关 键 词：远距离联想测验 联结层级 创造性 语义距离 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]