基于NI myDAQ的积木式磁滞回线实验设计与教学实践  

Design and teaching practice of hysteresis loop experiment with building block setup and NI myDAQ

作　　者：穆翠玲 马波 朱信成 林少鹏 朱凡 何振辉 MU Cuiling;MA Bo;ZHU Xincheng;LIN Shaopeng;ZHU Fan;HE Zhenhui(School of Physics and Astronomy,Sun Yat-Sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;IFCEN,Sun Yat-Sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学物理与天文学院,广东珠海519082 [2]中山大学中法核工程与技术学院,广东珠海519082

出　　处：《物理实验》2024年第4期12-18,共7页Physics Experimentation

摘　　要：传统的磁滞回线教学实验仪使用的变压器铁磁材料和线圈都已固定,不利于比较硬磁材料和软磁材料的磁性质,不利于学生深入理解磁滞现象与磁材料物性的关系.结合多层次实验教学规范,设计了“积木式”磁滞回线实验装置,可更换磁性材料,通过用NI myDAQ采集次级线圈电压后,用数值积分获得磁感应强度,并使测量更准确、更直观,可加深学生对测量物理过程的理解.在教学上拓展到广义力(磁场强度)和广义位移(磁感应强度)概念,测量磁滞损耗(广义功)及其与磁场强度或磁感应强度之间的相位差关系.The traditional setup of hysteresis loop measurement for laboratory courses directly employed a transformer,where the ferromagnetic material(silicon steel)and coils were fixed.It was not conducive for students to compare the magnetic properties between a hard and a soft magnetic material.And it was inconvenient for students to learn the relation between the hysteresis and the properties of the magnetic material.Combining the multi-layer teaching norms,a building block hysteresis loop experimental setup was designed with the building blocks,where the magnetic material could be replaced.The secondary coil voltage was collected with NI myDAQ,and the magnetic induction intensity was obtained by numerical integration.It made the measurement principle of electromagnetic induction more intuitive and more accurate,so as to deepen students’understanding of measuring physical processes.In teaching practice,it could be extended to the concepts of generalized force(magnetic field strength)and generalized displacement(magnetic induction strength),thus further obtained the hysteresis loss(generalized work),and the relationship with the phase difference between the magnetic field strength or the magnetic induction strength.

关 键 词：磁滞回线 铁磁材料 磁滞损耗 实验教学 积木式装置 

分 类 号：O482.5[理学—固体物理] O4-39[理学—物理]