多种误差因素对数控机床加工精度影响的研究  

The influence of multi-error elements of CNC machine tools on machining accuracy

作　　者：蒋雪 齐华春 吴国明[2] JIANG Xue;QI Huachun;WU Guoming(Editorial Department of the Journal,Sichuan Vocational and Technical College,Suining 629000,Sichuan,China;College of Intelligent Manufacturing,Sichuan Vocational and Technical College,Suining 629000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川职业技术学院学报编辑部,四川遂宁629000 [2]四川职业技术学院智能制造学院,四川遂宁629000

出　　处：《四川冶金》2024年第2期24-28,共5页Sichuan Metallurgy

摘　　要：随着国家制造业强国战略的推进,新型应用场景对零部件的精度提出了更高的要求。数控机床作为现代制造业常用的设备,其加工精度直接影响着工件的质量和性能。然而,在加工过程中,诸多误差元素会导致加工精度降低,而误差作用机制呈现出复杂性和多样性。基于此,首先分析了误差对加工精度的影响,指出了误差控制的重要性,其次详细介绍了包括机床几何误差、刀具误差、工艺误差在内常见误差源的特点,最后提出了一系列提高加工精度的措施。With increasing influence of the manufacturing power strategy,the machining accuracy of various parts is put forward higher requirements.As the most commonly used processing equipment in modern manufacturing in-dustry,the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools affects the quality and performance of workpieces.However,serial error elements lead to the reduction of machining accuracy during the machining process,and its influence mechanism presents complexity and diversity.Therefore,this paper first analyzes the importance of error control,and illustrate the influence of error on machining accuracy.Secondly,the common error sources in CNC machine tools are introduced,including machine tool body error,tool error,workpiece material error.Finally,several meas-ures to improve the machining accuracy are put forward,such as utilization high-precision machine tools,optimizing the material properties.

关 键 词：数控机床 加工精度 误差元素 误差补偿 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]