创新型研究型大学的内涵及实践  

Innovative Research University:Connotation and Practice

作　　者：李延保[1,2,3,4] Li Yanbao

机构地区：[1]中山大学,广东广州510275 [2]国家教育咨询委员会 [3]国家教育考试指导委员会 [4]教育部

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（高等教育）》2022年第12期32-41,共10页

摘　　要：在中国建设世界一流大学是一个动态的、不断发展推进的历史进程,也是中国决心建设世界高等教育强国的不懈追求。中国现代意义大学发展较晚,且长期以来,我国大学基本上是教学型大学,从20世纪80年代才开始向近现代大学转型,“211工程”开启了中国“研究型大学”的建设。近些年来,结合国家“双一流”大学建设,一批学校把建设世界一流大学作为学校发展的战略目标。尤其是近二十年来,中国高校呈现群体发力现象,有两个突出的特点:一是制定发展规划和推进校内综合改革双轮驱动成为学校快速发展的内在动力;二是政府主导的各种评估、评审、评级等强制性举措是中国高校快速发展的外部推力,客观上也促使学校建设的核心内涵不断充实,办学水平不断提升。但目前依然存在两个问题:一是对人才培养和本科教育教学改革的成效缺乏基于大数据跟踪分析的绩效评价;二是中国高校虽有“211”“985”及“双一流”之分,但大学发展的同质化现象仍未解决,许多学校尚未找到体现大学学术水平和人才培养特质的个性化发展之路。建设高水平研究型大学必须走创新型大学发展之路。创新发展没有固定模式,创新型大学不是“型号”,不是“标签”。创新发展是建设高水平研究型大学乃至世界一流大学的必然要求,创新发展的关键是要思想解放、理念创新、敢于实践。Building world-class universities in China is a dynamic and constantly developing historical process.It reflects China's determination and unremitting effort to strength its higher education.China started a bit late in developing modern universities.For a long time,universities in China were basically teaching-oriented universities.It was only in 1980s that they began to transform into modern universities.The"211 Project"started the construction of China's"research universities."In recent years,with the construction of national"Double First-class"universities,a number of schools have made building world-class universities their strategic goal.Especially in the past twenty years,Chinese universities have made great efforts in this drive,which has two characteristics.First,making development plans and promoting comprehensive reform has become the internal driving forces for the rapid development of Chinese universities.Second,government-led compulsory measures,such as assessment,evaluation and rating,are the external thrust of the rapid development of Chinese universities,and objectively promote the continuous enrichment of the core connotation of school construction and the continuous improvement of the level of education.However,there are two major problems at present.First,there is a lack of performance evaluation based on big data tracking analysis for the effectiveness of talent cultivation and undergraduate education reform.Second,although Chinese universities are classified as"211 Project","985 Program"and"Double First-class",homogenization of higher education in Chinese universities has not been solved,and many universities have not found their way of specialization that reflects their academic level and talent cultivation characteristics.Innovative university is the only way for building high-level research university.There is no fixed model for innovation,and innovative university is not a model or a label.Innovation is the inevitable demand for building a high-level research university and a world-class

关 键 词：创新型研究型大学 内涵 历史探索 中国特色 世界一流大学 

分 类 号：G649.2[文化科学—高等教育学]