中国对日内瓦会议政策再探讨——基于国际和平统一战线的视角  

Revisiting China's Policy toward the Geneva Conference——Based on the Perspective of the International United front for Peace

作　　者：李潜虞[1] Li Qianyu

机构地区：[1]外交学院

出　　处：《中共历史与理论研究》2024年第1期95-114,226,共21页The Studies on The CCP History and Theory

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“冷战时期中国对亚非国家统一战线政策研究”(项目号:18BDJ069)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中国对于日内瓦会议采取积极参加,努力促成印度支那地区恢复和平的政策。在中国的主导和倡议之下,中、苏、越三国解决了在印度支那停战问题上的三个症结:第一,越南与老挝、柬埔寨分开解决的问题;第二,越南绝对撤出老挝、柬埔寨的问题;第三,越南的军事分界线和军事集结区划定的问题。中国在日内瓦会议上的外交实践一方面避免了印度支那战争演变为朝鲜战争的局面,为中国的经济建设创造了一个良好的国际环境;另一方面,中国通过解决上述三个症结树立了自身和平的形象,取信于亚洲邻国,保持了这些国家和平中立的倾向,使美国进一步扩大反华军事同盟体系的计划落空。和平共处五项原则在日内瓦会议的进程中最终成形,国际和平统一战线政策也导源于中国在日内瓦会议成功的外交实践。China has taken an active part in the Geneva Conference and worked hard to promote the policy of restoring peace in the Indochina region.Under China's leadership and initiative,China,the Soviet Union,and Vietnam overcame three crux of the issue of the armistice in Indochina:First,the problem of Vietnam being resolved separately from Laos and Cambodia;Second,the problem of Vietnam's absolute withdrawal from Laos and Cambodia;And third,the problem of Vietnam's military demarcation line and the delimitation of military assembly areas.On one hand,China's diplomatic practice at the Geneva Conference avoided the situation in which the Indochina War turned into the Korean War and created a good international environment for China's economic construction;on the other hand,by addressing the above three sticking points,China has established its image of peace,won the trust of its Asian neighbors,and maintained the tendency of these countries to be peaceful and neutral,which has frustrated the US plan to further expand the anti-China military alliance system.The Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence were finally formed in the course of the Geneva Conference,and the international united front policy for peace was also based on China's diplomatic practice at the Geneva Conference.

关 键 词：日内瓦会议 印度支那战争 冷战 国际和平统一战线 

分 类 号：D61[政治法律—政治学]