论居住权处分权能的适用价值与立法探析  

Applicable Value and Legislative Analysis of the Right to Dispose of Residency

作　　者：李会勋[1] 张琳[1] LI Huixun;ZHANG Lin(College of Humanities and Law,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao,Shandong 266590,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学文法学院,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《山东科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第2期54-62,共9页Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(20YJC820022);中国博士后基金面上项目(2017M612238)。

摘　　要：我国《民法典》对于居住权的处分权能采取绝对禁止适用原则。承袭于罗马法的我国居住权制度以人役性的社会保障为其制度功能起点,旨在完善我国的住房保障体系、实现“住有所居”的政策目标。通过分析司法实践中居住权出现的新模式以及域外典型国家居住权制度的发展演进过程,可以发现居住权处分权能在我国有着破除限制条件的现实价值。应在居住权类型化的基础之上,从居住权的多重制度功能角度出发,采取“三编协同”——即物权编、婚姻家庭编和继承编衔接之立法体例,对居住权处分权能的扩张进行针对性规范。在保证原有立法目的得以实现的前提下发挥居住权制度经济效益,为投资性居住权的发展提供法律支撑,凸显居住权用益物权之本质。China′s Civil Code prohibits the adoption of the right to dispose of residency.Although China′s residential rights system is formulated in the era when a series of prominent problems are emerging,including aging of population,urgent demand of housing and so on,it inherits the traditional servile residential rights in Roman law.In practice,the limited disposal of residential rights has revealed issues such as limited economic benefits and difficulty in implementing multi-channel housing security.Meanwhile,the existing cooperative housing construction in China,PPP projects and timeshare hotel models require corresponding legal regulations on investment-based residential rights,which indicates that the right to dispose of residency is of practical value in breaking restrictions in China.It is suggested that we should take advantage of the extraterritorial residential rights system to improve the legislation of the right to dispose of residency in China,and to re-formulate the rules for the right to dispose residency in China from the perspectives of legislative style and balance of interests among relevant rights holders,which will fully leverage the advantages of the residential rights system and highlight the essence of its usufructuary rights.

关 键 词：居住权 居住权转让 处分权能 投资性居住权 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]