基于可比语料库的“比”字句研究  

A Study of"Bi"Sentences Based on a Comparable Corpus

作　　者：谭晓平 TAN Xiao-ping(International College of Chinese Studies,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai,200234)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学对外汉语学院,上海200234

出　　处：《新疆大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第3期136-142,共7页Journal of Xinjiang University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部中外语言交流合作中心2022年国际中文教育研究课题一般项目“面向国际中文教育的句式隐性偏误研究”(22YH70C);教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“基于可比语料库的现代汉语特殊句式研究”(19YJC740070);上海师范大学“比较语言学与汉语国际传播”创新团队成果。

摘　　要：文章以“比”字句在口语语料中的分布为基础,将其归纳为5大类、14小类。考察发现:T1、T4是典型形式,T2下位句式最多;“比……还……”“比……更……”“A比B+形”“A比B+形+程度补语”在教材中的分布与母语者的实际使用存在较大差异,二语者与母语者在其使用上,也存在较大差距,应予以重视;教材输入与学习者输出基本成正比,但“比……还……”“A比B+动词+宾语+(补语)”“比……更……”例外;比较结果项的偏误为主要偏误,占66%。This paper classifies"bi"sentences into five categories and fourteen sub-categories based on the distribution of"bi"sentences in the oral corpus.The results show that:T1 and T4 are typical forms,and T2 has the most subpositional sentences;"bi…hai…","bi…geng…","A bi B+adj."and"A bi B+adj.+degree complement"in textbooks are quite different from the actual use of native speakers,and there is also a big difference between second language speakers and native speakers,to which due attention should be given;textbook input and learner output are basically proportional,except for"bi…hai…","A bi B+v.+o.+degree complement"and"bi…geng…";the errors of comparison results are the main errors,accounting for 66%.

关 键 词：“比”字句 可比语料库 偏误 对比分析 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]