mRNA肿瘤疫苗:研究进展及临床应用前景  

mRNA tumor vaccines:Research progress and clinical application prospects

作　　者：江俊山 李利毛 蔡华忠[2] JIANG Junshan;LI Limao;CAI Huazhong(School of Medicine,Jiangsu University,Jiangsu Zhenjiang 212000,China;Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University,Jiangsu Zhenjiang 212000,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学医学院,江苏镇江212000 [2]江苏大学附属医院,江苏镇江212000

出　　处：《现代肿瘤医学》2024年第9期1740-1748,共9页Journal of Modern Oncology

基　　金：江苏省镇江市科技计划(市重点研发计划-社会发展)项目(编号:SH2022042)。

摘　　要：免疫疗法为肿瘤治疗提供了有效的辅助作用,其中信使RNA(messenger RNA,mRNA)肿瘤疫苗有着较好的肿瘤免疫激活作用,为肿瘤辅助治疗提供了一个潜在的应用前景。mRNA疫苗能够激活或者增强人体免疫系统特异性识别抗原的能力,从而实现抗肿瘤作用。相比较于其他疫苗平台,mRNA肿瘤疫苗具有安全、不被整合、负载多种抗原等特点。肿瘤的不同突变类型导致了肿瘤治疗存在一定的个体差异性,肿瘤抗原的选择就显得尤为重要。同时,mRNA修饰可以增强mRNA的稳定性及翻译效率。这些因素都影响着mRNA疫苗的抗肿瘤效应。目前多种个体化mRNA肿瘤疫苗在临床试验中表现出较好的安全性及免疫原性。因此,通过本综述能更好的了解mRNA肿瘤疫苗的作用以及开发个性化肿瘤疫苗的临床价值,并且联合现有的治疗方式能为肿瘤辅助治疗提供更为有效的治疗方案。Immunotherapy provides a good adjuvant effect for tumor treatment.And messenger RNA(mRNA)tumor vaccine has an available tumor immune activation effect,which provides a potential application prospect for tumor adjuvant therapy.mRNA vaccines can activate or enhance the ability of the human immune system to specifically recognize antigens and ultimately result in anti-tumor effects.Compared with other vaccine platforms,mRNA tumor vaccines have the characteristics of safety,non-integration,and loading with multiple antigens.The different mutation types of tumors lead to certain individual differences in tumor treatment,and the choice of tumor antigen is particularly important.At the same time,mRNA modification also enhance the stability and translation efficiency of mRNA.All these affect the anti-tumor effect of mRNA vaccines.Many personalized mRNA tumor vaccines have shown good safety and immunogenicity in clinical trials.Therefore,through this review,we can better understand the role of mRNA tumor vaccines and the clinical value of personalized tumor vaccines.What's more,mRNA vaccine provide more effective treatment options for tumor adjuvant therapy combined with existing treatment methods.

关 键 词：mRNA疫苗 个体化肿瘤疫苗 新抗原 

分 类 号：R730.3[医药卫生—肿瘤]