比较法视角下对检察机关不起诉决定的司法救济  

Judicial Remedies for Non-prosecution Decisions Made by Prosecutorial Organizations from the Perspective of Comparative Law

作　　者：李长江 LI Changjiang(Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学文法学部,北京100124

出　　处：《江苏工程职业技术学院学报》2024年第1期98-104,共7页Journal of Jiangsu College of Engineering and Technology

摘　　要：司法实践中,检察机关会裁量一部分刑事案件不提起公诉。对检察机关不起诉决定不服的救济体系除要实现基本的救济价值外,还要监督起诉权审慎适用以及适配公诉裁量权的扩张背景。目前这一救济体系架构比较成熟的有德国的强制起诉制度、日本的准起诉制度与我国台湾地区的交付审判制度。我国内地地区较为单一的“公转自”式救济体系,不仅实践中易流于形式,而且主要的法定不起诉、特别不起诉和附条件不起诉与司法救济体系的适用条件、适用原理前后矛盾。从比较法视角出发,借鉴各种救济体系的经验,推导出我国内地地区包括救济体系原则、前置程序、审查主体、审查范围、证明环节、申请主体、起诉主体与业务考核等核心主题在内的救济体系应然逻辑,以指引当前救济体系弥补在实践中的不足,探索搭建以“强制起诉”程序为核心的本土化救济体系。In judicial practice,prosecutorial organizations will consider and decide not to initiate public prosecutions against some of criminal cases.Remedy system that refuses to accept such decisions as final should realize the basic value of remedy,and,more importantly,monitor the prudent judgment of the right to prosecute as well as the expansion background that adapts to the discretion in public prosecutions.Presently,the mature frameworks of such remedy system include compulsory prosecution system in Germany,quasi-prosecution system in Japan,and commitment for trail in Taiwan,China.In the China' mainland,the remedy system of changing public prosecutions into private ones is practiced but tends to become formalistic.In addition,the statutory non-prosecution,special non-prosecution and conditional non-prosecution are inconsistent with conditions and principles applied in judicial remedy system.From the perspective of comparative law,this paper drew on the experience of various remedy systems,and deduced the proper logic of the remedy system including such key parts as the principle of the system,pre-procedure,party of investigation,scope of investigation,offer of proof,party of application,party of prosecution,and job evaluation,hoping to direct the current remedy system to make up its deficiency and explore the ways to establish a local system that focuses on“compulsory prosecution”.

关 键 词：检察机关 不起诉 司法救济 审判机关 强制起诉 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]