荞麦轮作对云南栽培马铃薯根际土壤酶活和微生物的影响  

Effects of Tartary Buckwheat Rotation on Enzyme Activities and Microorganisms in Rhizosphere Soil of Cultivated Potato in Yunnan Province

作　　者：杜洋洋 包媛媛[2] 刘项宇 张新永[1] DU Yangyang;BAO Yuanyuan;LIU Xiangyu;ZHANG Xinyong(Collage of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;College of Food Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学食品科学技术学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2024年第5期192-200,共9页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460367);云南省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(2020KJTX003)。

摘　　要：为探讨连作和与苦荞(KQ)轮作对云南省3个马铃薯主栽品种根际土壤酶活性、微生物数量和产量的影响,以马铃薯主栽品种‘合作88’(HZ88)、‘丽薯6号’(LS6H)、‘青薯9号’(QS9H)为试验材料,对不同处理下根际土壤的蔗糖酶、蛋白酶、脲酶、纤维素酶活性和微生物数量以及马铃薯产量、品质进行分析。结果表明,KQ-HZ88、KQ-LS6H、KQ-QS9H轮作处理的马铃薯单株产量分别较HZ88-HZ88、LS6H-LS6H、QS9H-QS9H连作处理显著增加76.32%、80.95%、90.91%,还原糖含量显著降低38.71%、18.42%、21.43%。与3年连作相比,HZ88-KQ-HZ88和KQ-HZ88-KQ、LS6H-KQ-LS6H和KQ-LS6H-KQ、QS9H-KQ-QS9H和KQ-QS9H-KQ轮作处理的土壤蔗糖酶活性分别较HZ88-HZ88-HZ88、LS6H-LS6H-LS6H、QS9H-QS9H-QS9H连作处理显著增加8.54%和14.00%、22.73%和34.25%、18.13%和25.12%;细菌数量显著增加19.05%(P>0.05)和92.86%、75.68%和72.97%、67.11%和73.21%。土壤酶活性及微生物数量的变化可能是引起云南地区马铃薯连作障碍的重要原因之一,轮作可有效改善根际土壤酶活性,增加土壤中有益菌数量,缓解连作障碍。In order to investigate the effects of continuous cropping and tartary buckwheat(KQ)rotation on rhizosphere soil enzyme activity,microbial quantity and yield of 3 main potato varieties in Yunnan province,the main potato varieties‘Hezuo 88’(HZ88),‘Lishu 6’(LS6H)and‘Qingshu 9’(QS9H)were used as experimental materials.The activities of sucrase,protease,urease,cellulase,microbial quantity in rhizosphere soil and potato yield under different treatments were analyzed.The results showed that,compared with HZ88-HZ88,LS6H-LS6H and QS9H-QS9H treatments,the yields per potato plant of KQ-HZ88,KQ-LS6H and KQ-QS9H rotation treatments were significantly increased by 76.32%,80.95%and 90.91%,respectively,the reducing sugar contents were significantly reduced by 38.71%,18.42%and 21.43%,respectively.Compared with HZ88-HZ88-HZ88,LS6H-LS6H and QS9H-QS9H-QS9H treatments,the soil sucrase activities of HZ88-KQ-HZ88,KQ-HZ88-KQ,LS6H-KQ-LS6H,KQ-LS6H-KQ and QS9H-KQ-QS9H,KQ-QS9H-KQ rotation treatments were significantly increased by 8.54%,14.00%,22.73%,34.25%,18.13%,25.12%,respectively,and the numbers of bacteria were significantly increased by 19.05%(P>0.05),92.86%,75.68%,72.97%,67.11%,73.21%,respectively.The changes of soil enzyme activity and microbial quantity might be one of the important reasons for potato continuous cropping obstacles in Yunnan region.Rotation could effectively improve rhizosphere soil enzyme activity,increase the number of beneficial bacteria in the soil,and alleviate continuous cropping obstacles.

关 键 词：马铃薯 连作 苦荞轮作 土壤酶活性 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]