秦岭北麓地区CO_(2)和水汽湍流输送实验研究  

The observation and study on the turbulent flux and transport of CO_(2) and H_(2)O over suburban areas at the northern part of Qinling Mountains of China

作　　者：彭艳 赵奎锋[2] 张璐 张宏昇[3] 李星敏 PENG Yan;ZHAO Kui-feng;ZHANG Lu;ZHANG Hong-sheng;LI Xing-min(Meteorological Institute of Shaanxi Province,Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment and Meteorology for the Qinling Mountains and Loess Plateau,Xi'an 710016,China;Shaanxi Meteorological Bureau,Xi’an 710014,China;Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies,Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences,School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省气象科学研究所,秦岭和黄土高原生态环境气象重点实验室,陕西西安710016 [2]陕西省气象局,秦岭和黄土高原生态环境气象重点实验室,陕西西安710016 [3]北京大学物理学院大气与海洋科学系,气候与海-气实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第5期2407-2417,共11页China Environmental Science

基　　金：干旱气象科学研究基金资助项目(IAM202211);国家自然科学基金资助项目(42175092,91544216);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2023-JC-YB-247)。

摘　　要：利用中国气象局秦岭气溶胶与云微物理野外科学试验基地长安站2021年4月~2022年3月涡动相关系统观测资料,结合气象观测资料,研究了秦岭北麓城郊过渡带近地面大气CO_(2)、H_(2)O浓度、蒸发量以及湍流通量演变特征,并讨论了气象要素对碳通量的影响.结果表明:观测时段内CO_(2)小时浓度年均值为(404.4±27.9)×10^(-6),与瓦里关大气背景观测站和全球背景观测站CO_(2)年均值浓度水平相当,水汽小时浓度年均值为9.44g/m^(3),年总蒸发量为1321.5mm;CO_(2)、水汽浓度和蒸发量均存在显著的月、季节变化特征;CO_(2)和水汽通量存在明显的日、月和季节变化,全年白天均表现为较强的碳吸收,观测时段内CO_(2)总吸收量约为-3047g/m^(2);夜间表现为碳排放,观测时段内总排放量约为2631g/m^(2);气温、土壤温度、相对湿度和风速的变化均会对区域内CO_(2)通量产生影响,温度升高会增加区域内植被的固碳能力;白天CO_(2)通量负值多出现在西风条件下,农田和植被覆盖率较大的区域为CO_(2)通量的主要贡献区域;夜间CO_(2)通量正值主要来自于植被、土壤呼吸作用和人类活动排放的贡献.总体而言,秦岭北麓城郊过渡带呈现较为明显的碳汇属性,实验时段内CO_(2)的净吸收量约为-416g/m^(2).Based on the data obtained on April 2021 to March 2023 from eddy covariance measurements at aerosol and cloud microphysical characteristics field station over Qinling Mountains,CMA,the characteristics of CO_(2) and H_(2)O concentration,evaporation,and flux of CO_(2) and H_(2)O were studied and compared with some urban and suburban sites.The influence of temperature,soil temperature at 5cm depth,relative humidity,wind speed and wind direction on CO_(2) flux were discussed.Furthermore,the total annual CO_(2) emission/absorption at the northern part of Qinling Mountains was estimated.The result showed that annual mean concentration of CO_(2) was(404.4±27.9)×10-6,which was significantly lower than those obtained at urban and suburban areas in East China while compared to the values observed at the global atmospheric background stations and the Chinese atmospheric background stations(Waliguan,Qinghai).The monthly mean concentration of CO_(2) showed bimodal variation with one peak values in February and the other in October,and the minimum concentration of CO_(2) was observed in June.The diurnal variation of CO_(2) concentration showed higher in the early morning and midnight,while lower in the midday during four seasons.The annual mean concentration of H_(2)O was 9.44g/m3.And the total annual evaporation was about 1321.5mm with higher values in summer(598.1mm)and lower values in winter(84.7mm).The CO_(2) flux observed at Chang'an Station showed obviously diurnal and monthly variation.And it showed strong absorption during daytime in four seasons with the maximum values appearing in June(-11.95μmol/(m^(2)⋅s)),and lowest values in January(-4.06μmol/(m^(2)⋅s)).For the nighttime it showed net emissions with higher values in July and lower in January.The water vapor flux showed relative higher during daytime and close to zero at night.The total CO_(2) absorption at daytime was about-3047g/m^(2),and the total emission of CO_(2) at night was about 2631g/m^(2) during the observation period.The diurnal and seasonal var

关 键 词：CO_(2)通量 秦岭北麓 城郊过渡带 涡动相关 气象因子 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]