鄂尔多斯地区气传花粉与过敏性鼻炎特征分析  

Analysis of aerial pollen and allergic rhinitis in Ordos region

作　　者：郝玉珠 郭春燕 王佳 HAO Yu-zhu;GUO Chun-yan;WANG Jia(Inner Mongolia Meteorological Service Center,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010051,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区气象服务中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010051

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第5期2766-2776,共11页China Environmental Science

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金资助项目(2020ZY0019);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2022YFSJ0032);中国气象局软科学项目(2023ZZXM03)。

摘　　要：选取2017~2022年4月1日~9月30日花粉浓度、AR患者就诊量和气象资料进行统计分析,鄂尔多斯市花粉浓度有两次高峰期,分别是4月1日~4月30日和7月20日~9月10日,其中夏秋季花粉影响较重,AR患者集中爆发在8月.2017~2022年花粉年均浓度呈逐年降低趋势,花粉浓度年超标日数由76d降至38d,而AR患者逐年就诊量未见减少.通过花粉、AR患者就诊量与气象因子等影响研究,结果表明:植被覆盖率与花粉浓度呈正相关,植被指数的花粉贡献率为38.3%,相对湿度越大、日照时数越小、风速越小,植被生长越好,花粉浓度也随之增大,气象因子的影响贡献了46.3%的花粉浓度变化,植被和气象条件是导致花粉浓度变化的主要因子.而花粉浓度的爆发与积温、地表积温、日照时数的累积量有关,积温、地表积温、日照时数需分别达到1958℃、2296℃、757h条件.当花粉浓度致敏阈值达到80粒/1000mm^(2),2d后AR患者出现倍增.基于花粉浓度对AR患者的响应关系,构建花粉浓度变化模型预估患者数量,可为当地医疗、环境部分提前预防提供重要依据.The pollen concentration,the number of AR patient visits,and meteorological data from April 1,2017 to September 30,2022 in Ordos were selected for statistical analysis in this study.There were two peak periods of pollen concentration in Ordos City,namely from April 1st to April 30th and from July 20th to September 10th,and among them,the impact of summer and autumn pollen was more severe,and AR patients mainly occurred in August.From 2017 to 2022,the annual average pollen concentration showed a decreasing trend year by year,and the number of days pollen concentration exceeded the standard decreasing from 76 to 38 days,while the number of AR patient visits did not decrease every year.Through research on the effects of pollen,the number of AR patient visits,and meteorological factors,the following results were presented.The Vegetation coverage was positively correlated with pollen concentration,and the pollen contribution rate of the vegetation index was 38.3%,the higher the relative humidity,the shorter sunshine hours,the lower wind speed,the better the vegetation growth,and the higher the pollen concentration,and the influence of meteorological factors contributed 46.3%to the variation of pollen concentration,vegetation and meteorological conditions are the main factors leading to changes in pollen concentration.However,the outbreak of pollen concentration is related to the accumulation of accumulated temperature,surface accumulated temperature and sunshine hours,and the accumulated temperature,surface accumulated temperature and sunshine hours should need to reach the conditions of 1958℃,2296℃and 757h respectively.When the pollen concentration sensitization threshold reached 80grains/1,000mm^(2),the AR patients showed a doubling after 2days.Based on the response relationship between pollen concentration and AR patients,a model of pollen concentration change was constructed to estimate the number of patients,which could provide important basis for the prevention of local medical treatment and environmental de

关 键 词：AR患者就诊量 花粉浓度高峰期 花粉超标日数 相关性研究 

分 类 号：X18[环境科学与工程—环境科学]