两种常用压力性损伤大鼠模型的建立方法与效果评价  

Establishment and evaluation of two common pressure ulcer rat models

作　　者：刘艺[1] 李小雷 梁新培 王娜 马姗 张新平[4] 贾汝福[5] 张素[3] 李贤[4] LIU Yi;LI Xiaolei;LIANG Xinpei;WANG Na;MA Shan;ZHANG Xinping;JIA Rufu;ZHANG Su;LI Xian(Graduate School of Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050000,China;Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shijiazhuang 050000;Peking University People’s Hospital,Beijing 100000;Hebei General Hospital,Shijiazhuang 050000;Cangzhou Central Hospital,Cangzhou 061000)

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学研究生院,石家庄050000 [2]河北省疾病预防控制中心,石家庄050000 [3]北京大学人民医院,北京100000 [4]河北省人民医院,石家庄050000 [5]沧州市中心医院,河北沧州061000

出　　处：《中国比较医学杂志》2024年第3期93-101,共9页Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine

基　　金：河北省卫生健康委员会2020年政府资助临床医学人才培养项目(冀卫办科教[2021]1号)。

摘　　要：目的通过比较两种不同的压力性损伤大鼠模型的建立方法,探索更合适的压力性损伤动物模型制备方法。方法将18只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组(n=6)、模型A组(n=6)和模型B组(n=6)。对照组对模拟造模部位脱毛后进行碘伏处理。模型A组采用单纯深部组织异物植入法进行纵向加压;模型B组使用磁铁加压法进行横向加压,记录制备各组大鼠产生压力性损伤模型的全程时间及各分期时间,观察大鼠的一般情况,并进行成模率、死亡率、感染率的比较。结果肉眼观察到模型A组和模型B组均逐渐出现受压部位红肿、溃烂,出现渗血、渗液并伴有坏死现象。模型A组与模型B组产生压力性损伤全程时间比较:两组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。模型A组与模型B组产生压力性损伤各期时间比较:Ⅰ期两组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Ⅱ期两组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Ⅲ期两组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Ⅳ期两组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组大鼠精神、运动评分与模型A组、模型B组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。模型A组大鼠与模型B组大鼠一般状态有明显区别,均出现毛色黯淡、活跃度下降的现象。模型A组大鼠与模型B组成模率为100%。模型A组死亡率、感染率高于模型B组,分别为33.34%、16.70%。结论两种方式均可成功制备压力性损伤Ⅳ期模型,二者既有共性也有各自特点,磁铁加压法用时短,大鼠一般状态良好,死亡率和感染率低,适合短时间内干预性研究;单纯深部组织异物植入法用时长,需要大鼠有一定耐受性,感染率高,死亡率高,可运用于长期的观察类压力性损伤大鼠的研究。Objective A comparison of two method of establishing pressure ulcer rat models to determine which is the most suitable for experimental use.Methods 18 male SD rats were randomly divided into control(n=6),model A(n=6)and model B(n=6)groups.In the control group,iodophor treatment was given after hair removal at the simulated modeling site.In model group A,longitudinal compression was performed by simple deep-tissue foreign body implantation.In model group B,transverse compression was performed via the magnet compression method.The times required to complete the process and for each stage of pressure ulcer model establishment in each group were recorded.The general condition of the rats was observed,and the modeling rate,mortality rate,and infection rate were compared.Results By naked eye,we observed that the model A and model B groups gradually developed redness and swelling,ulceration,bleeding,exudation,and necrosis.Comparison of the whole time to produce pressure uler between model A and model B groups:the difference between the two groups was statitically significant(P<0.05).Comparison of the time to produce pressure injury between Model A and Model B:The difference between the two groups at stage I was not statistically significant(P>0.05);the difference between the two groups at stage II was statistically significant(P<005);the difference between the two groups at stage III was statistically significant(P<005);the difference between the two groups at stage IV was statistically significant(P<005).The mental and sports scores of the rats in the control group were significantly different from those in the model A and model B groups(P<0.05).The general state of rats in the model group A was significantly different from that in the model B group,and coat color was dimer and activity decreased in the model group A.The modelling rate of rats in both model A and model B groups was 100%.The mortality and infection rates of the model group A were higher than those of the model group B,which were 33.34%and 16.70%,respect

关 键 词：压力性损伤 大鼠模型 方法 

分 类 号：R-33[医药卫生]