肺癌筛查与健康风险行为改变的关联性研究  

Associations between lung cancer screening and health risk behavior changes

作　　者：王凡 刘建军 李建伟 黄芬[2] 秦其荣[3] WANG Fan;LIU Jian-jun;LI Jian-wei;HUANG Fen;QIN Qi-rong(Department of Imaging Center of Ma'anshan General Hospital of Ranger-Duree Healthcare,Ma'anshan,Anhui 243000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]德驭医疗马鞍山总医院影像中心,安徽马鞍山243000 [2]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系 [3]马鞍山市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第8期1473-1478,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：安徽省科技惠民示范工程专项(202007d07050008);安徽省卫生健康委科研项目专项(AHWJ2021a026);马鞍山市科技局资助项目专项(YL2021-028)。

摘　　要：目的 了解马鞍山市肺癌筛查队列高危人群的健康风险行为改变状况,探究肺癌筛查与健康风险行为变化的关联。方法 对参与筛查的高危人群进行随访调查,收集基线及随访期间的基本资料和健康风险行为信息,使用单因素分析和多因素logistic回归分析探讨肺癌筛查与三种健康风险行为改变的关联。结果 多因素logistic回归分析结果显示女性(OR=4.24,95%CI:1.80~9.96,P=0.001)、检出阳性肺结节(OR=1.98,95%CI:1.23~3.20,P=0.005)、筛查后主动向医生咨询身体情况者(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.08~2.52,P=0.020)更容易戒烟;年龄在60~69岁(OR=1.60,95%CI:1.14~2.24,P=0.007)、有肺部相关疾病史(OR=1.95,95%CI:1.13~3.39,P=0.017)、筛查后与亲友讨论身体状况(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.16~2.33,P=0.005)的持续吸烟者更可能减少吸烟量;女性(OR=2.19,95%CI:1.20~4.02,P=0.011)、有肺部相关疾病史(OR=1.91,95%CI:1.13~3.22,P=0.015)、有恶性肿瘤史(OR=3.07,95%CI:1.18~8.01,P=0.022)、被给予医嘱者(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.04~2.75,P=0.035)更容易戒酒;女性(OR=1.41,95%CI:1.02~1.94,P=0.037)、年龄大于70岁(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.07~2.68,P=0.024)、每年体检者(OR=2.03,95%CI:1.44~2.86,P<0.001)更可能开始体育锻炼。结论 肺癌筛查与筛查人群吸烟、饮酒、体育锻炼等健康风险行为的变化密切相关,应加强健康教育,引导高危人群对健康风险行为作出改变。Objective To investigate the changes in health risk behaviors among high-risk groups in the lung cancer screening cohort in Ma'anshan City,and to explore the association between lung cancer screening and health risk behavior changes.Methods Follow-up survey was conducted among the high-risk population participating in screening.Basic data and health risk behavior information were collected at baseline and during follow-up.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore the association between lung cancer screening and changes in three kinds of health risk behaviors.Results The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that women(OR=4.24,95%CI:1.80-9.96,P=0.001),those with positive pulmonary nodules(OR=1.98,95%CI:1.23-3.20,P=0.005)and those who consulted the doctor after screening(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.08-2.52,P=0.020)were more likely to quit smoking.Persistent smokers who were 60 to 69 years old(OR=1.60,95%CI:1.14-2.24,P=0.007),had a history of lung-related diseases(OR=1.95,95%CI:1.13-3.39,P=0.017),and discussed their medical condition with relatives and friends after screening(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.16-2.33,P=0.005)were more likely to smoke less.Women(OR=2.19,95%CI:1.20-4.02,P=0.011),patients with a history of lung related diseases(OR=1.91,95%CI:1.13-3.22,P=0.015),patients with a history of malignant tumors(OR=3.07,95%CI:1.18-8.01,P=0.022),and patients receiving medical advice(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.04-2.75,P=0.035)were more likely to abstain from alcohol.Women(OR=1.41,95%CI:1.02-1.94,P=0.037),older than 70 years(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.07-2.68,P=0.024)and those who had annual physical examination(OR=2.03,95%CI:1.44-2.86,P<0.001)were more likely to start physical exercise.Conclusion Lung cancer screening is closely related to changes in health risk behaviors of screening population such as smoking,drinking,physical exercise,etc.Health education should be strengthened to guide high-risk population to make changes in health risk behaviors.

关 键 词：健康风险行为 筛查 健康教育 随访 

分 类 号：R734.2[医药卫生—肿瘤]