化疗所致恶心呕吐现状调查及相关影响因素分析  

Investigation of nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy and analysis of related influencing factors

作　　者：郑秀莹 贾双鸿 徐兴娜 ZHENG Xiuying;JIA Shuanghong;XU Xingna(Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese andWestern Medicine,Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport Free Trade Zone Hospital,Tianjin,300060,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市肿瘤医院空港医院中西医结合科,天津300060

出　　处：《当代医学》2024年第3期67-71,共5页Contemporary Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查化疗所致恶心呕吐(CINV)的现状并分析其相关影响因素。方法选取2020年6—10月于天津市肿瘤医院空港医院内科中西医科室接受含有中高度致吐风险化疗药物化疗的202例肿瘤患者作为研究对象,收集患者一般资料、评估呕吐生活功能指数(FLIE)及恶心呕吐程度。调查化疗患者所致恶心呕吐及用药现状,单因素及多元线性回归分析化疗患者致恶心呕吐的影响因素,并分析CINV预防用药情况及缓解率。结果不同性别、年龄、既往孕吐史、心理暗示、化疗前夜睡眠、化疗周期及上周期化疗曾导致CINV的化疗患者的恶心呕吐生活功能指数评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,女性、年龄<60岁、既往有孕吐史是化疗致恶心呕吐的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。临床对指南推荐标准止吐方案的总实施率为48.5%,地塞米松剂量为10mg和5mg用于单日化疗时,高度致吐风险、中度致吐风险患者急性呕吐完全缓解率、急性恶心缓解率比较差异无统计学意义。结论化疗致恶心呕吐的发生受多种因素影响,其临床治疗有效率较高,但对遵循指南预防用药实施不理想,有其局限性,地塞米松剂量或可适当减量,仍须进一步验证。Objective To investigate the current situation of nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy and analyze its related influencing factors.Methods A total of 202 tumor patients who received chemotherapy with moderate and high risk of emetic drugs in the department of Inte-grated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport Free Trade Zone Hospital from June to October 2020 were select-ed as the research subjects,general data of the patients were collected,and the vomiting life function index(FLIE)and nausea and vomiting degree were evaluated,investigate the status quo of nausea and vomiting and drug use in chemotherapy patients,explore the influencing factors of nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy patients,and analyze the prophylactic use and remission rate of CINV.Results There were significant differences in the scores of nausea and vomiting life function index among patients with CINV caused by different gender,age,previous history of pregnancy and vomiting,psychological suggestion,sleep of before night chemotherapy,chemotherapy cycle and previous cycles of chemotherapy had caused CINV(P<0.05).Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that female,age<60 years old,and previous history of pregnancy and vomiting were inde-pendent risk factors for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(P<0.05).The total implementation rate of the guideline recommended standard antiemetic regimen was 48.5%,when dexamethasone doses were 10 mg and 5 mg for single-day chemotherapy,there were no significant differences in the complete remission rate of acute vomiting and the remission rate of acute nausea in patients with high risk of vomiting and moderate risk of vomiting.Conclusion The occurrence of nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy is affected by many factors,and its clinical effective rate is high,but the implementation of preventive medication following the guidelines is not ideal and has its limitations,the dose of dexamethasone may be appropriately reduced,which still needs to be further

关 键 词：化疗 恶心呕吐 现状分析 影响因素 用药规范 

分 类 号：R730.53[医药卫生—肿瘤]