罗布麻纤维的化学-生物酶联合脱胶工艺  

Combined chemical-biological enzyme degumming process of Roblinen fiber

作　　者：李迎澳 桂海升 浣光辉 杨帆 李仲薇 贾丽霞 何江 LI Ying’ao;GUI Haisheng;HUAN Guanghui;YANG Fan;LI Zhongwei;JIA Lixia;HE Jiang(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Characteristic Textiles and Clean Dyeing and Finishing Technology,Urumqi 830017,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Tianshan Wool Textile Co.,Ltd.,Urumqi 830017,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Institute of Pharmaceutical Medicine,Urumqi 830004,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆特色纺织品与清洁染整技术重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830017 [2]新疆天山毛纺织股份有限公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830017 [3]新疆药物研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830004

出　　处：《上海纺织科技》2024年第3期27-31,58,共6页Shanghai Textile Science & Technology

基　　金：科创中国@新疆“新疆罗布麻全产业链关键技术”(202110140014);自治区科技计划重点研发专项课题(2022136710)。

摘　　要：为了高效提取罗布麻韧皮组织中的罗布麻纤维,利用化学-生物酶联合脱胶工艺除去罗布麻韧皮中的果胶和其他杂质。分析预酸、碱煮、酶处理在不同温度、浓度、时间条件下对罗布麻脱胶效果的影响;通过场发射高倍扫描电镜观察罗布麻脱胶前后的表面形貌特征,借助傅里叶红外光谱仪分析了罗布麻纤维的化学结构。正交试验分析结果表明,最优脱胶条件为:在对织物质量1.75%的硫酸溶液,温度65℃,时间55 min的条件下预酸,在对织物重4.5%氢氧化钠、4%硅酸钠、2.5%亚硫酸钠、3.5%Z-16、温度70℃、时间105 min的条件下碱煮;在25 g/L JS-369、6 g/L双氧水、温度70℃、时间85 min的条件下酶处理;此时纤维断裂强力为13.5 cN,白度为76.5%,失重率为46.5%,果胶含量为5.13%,半纤维素含量为10.25%,木质素含量为0.98%。SEM测试结果表明,脱胶后的罗布麻纤维表面光滑平整。红外光谱图显示,罗布麻纤维的特征吸收峰有所减弱,说明化学-生物酶联合脱胶工艺可高效去除罗布麻皮中的果胶和其他杂质。In order to efficiently extract the Roblinen fiber from the bast tissue of Roblinen,a combined chemical-biological enzyme degumming process is used to remove pectin and other impurities from the Roblinen bast to provide a high-quality textile raw material for the subsequent process.The effects of pre-acid,alkaline scouring and enzyme treatment on the degumming effect of Roblinen under different temperature,concentration and time conditions are analyzed;the surface morphological characteristics of Roblinen before and after degumming are observed by field emission high magnification scanning electron microscopy,and the chemical structure of Roblinen fiber is analyzed by Fourier infrared spectroscopy.The results of orthogonal analysis show that the optimum degumming conditions are:pre-acid at 65℃for 55 min with 1.75%sulfuric acid solution on fabric weight,alkaline scouring at 70℃for 105 min with 4.5%sodium hydroxide,4%sodium silicate,2.5%sodium sulfite and 3.5%Z-16 on fabric weight,enzyme treatment at 70℃for 85 min with 25 g/L JS-369 and 6 g/L hydrogen peroxide;at this time,the fiber breaking strength is 13.5 cN,the whiteness is 76.5%,the weight loss is 46.5%,the pectin con⁃tent is 5.13%,the hemicellulose content is 10.25%,and the lignin content is 0.98%;SEM test results indicate that the surface of Roblinen after degumming is smooth and flat;IR spectrogram shows that the characteristic absorption peak of Roblinen is weakened,indicating that the combined chemical-biological enzyme degumming process can efficiently remove pectin and other impurities in the Roblinen bast.

关 键 词：罗布麻纤维 联合脱胶 预酸 碱煮 酶处理 性能测试 

分 类 号：TS123[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]