成年精神障碍者意定监护的国内实践及完善  

Domestic Practice and Improvement of Voluntary Guardianship of Adults with Mental Disorders

作　　者：杨菲 YANG Fei(College of Medical Humanities,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学医学人文学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2024年第9期54-59,共6页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2021年四川医事卫生法治研究中心一般项目(YF21-Y11);2023年贵州省高等学校教学内容和课程体系改革一般项目(2023135)。

摘　　要：《中华人民共和国民法典》第三十三条构建了我国成年意定监护制度,将意定监护适用范围规制为所有具有完全民事行为能力的成年人。成年精神障碍者如能通过意定监护协议,跨越时空选定自己失能时的监护人,无疑是赋能和积极的。从国内精神障碍者意定监护司法案件切入,分析意定监护制度适用于精神障碍的本土逻辑与突破,反思其中凸显的问题,认为成年精神障碍者意定监护制度在主体资格、订立与启动、权利义务、退出机制等方面,都需予以规范性、解释性、限制性的细化规定。Article 33 of the Civil Code establishes the adult voluntary guardianship system in China,and regulates the applicable scope of voluntary guardianship to adults with full civil capacity.It is undoubtedly empowering and positive for adults with mental disorders to designate their guardian for when they become incapacitated through a voluntary guardianship agreement across time and space.Starting from the domestic intentional guardianship judicial cases of mentally disabled people,this paper analyzes the local logic and breakthroughs of the application of the intentional guardianship system to mental disorders,reflects on the prominent problems in it.It suggests that the guardianship system of adult mentally disabled people needs to be further refined in terms of qualification,establishment and activation,rights and obligations,guardianship supervision and withdrawal mechanism,etc.It is necessary to provide normative,explanatory and restrictive detailed provisions.

关 键 词：精神障碍者 意定监护 行为能力 权利义务 监护监督 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]