智能飞行汽车关键技术及发展趋势  

State-of-the-art and technical trends of intelligent flyingcars

作　　者：张新钰[1,3] 荣松松 李骏[1] 李德毅[2] 刘华平[2,3] 黄元昊 黄康尧 罗建曦 ZHANG XinYu;RONG SongSong;LI Jun;LI DeYi;LIU HuaPing;HUANG YuanHao;HUANG KangYao;&LUO JianXi(School of Vehicle and Mobility,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Department of Computer Science and Technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Mengshi Autonomous Driving Laboratory,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Data-Driven Innovation Lab,Singapore University of Technology and Design,Singapore 487372,Singapore)

机构地区：[1]清华大学车辆与运载学院,北京100084 [2]清华大学计算机科学与技术系,北京100084 [3]清华大学猛狮无人驾驶实验室,北京100084 [4]新加坡科技设计大学数据驱动创新实验室,新加坡487372

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2024年第4期601-624,共24页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2018YFE0204300);国家自然科学基金(批准号:62273198,U1964203)资助项目。

摘　　要：城市立体交通是未来智慧出行发展的热点方向,近年来受到了广泛的关注.作为城市立体交通的载体,智能飞行汽车融合了飞机与汽车两种运动模态,能够灵活地在空中与地面进行切换.本文介绍了智能飞行汽车的背景、历史与现状,阐述了其与城市空中交通载具的区别,分析与讨论了飞行汽车的系统设计,并介绍了智能飞行汽车的关键技术创新,包括动力技术和机电总体设计、多模态切换、模块复用与飞车脑认知等.重点讨论了飞行汽车的智能化技术,包括近地感知、决策与规划、智能控制与智能通信系统的关键技术与瓶颈.最后,结合现有技术,对智能飞行汽车的技术进行了剖析,并讨论了潜在的解决方案与发展趋势.Urban three-dimensional transportation is a prominent aspect of intelligent transportation in the future,which has been widely discussed and studied in recent years.As the core of three-dimensional urban transportation,intelligent flying cars combine two modes of motion:flying and driving.Thus,they can move flexibly in the air and on the ground.This study introduces the background,history,and current state-of-the-art related to intelligent flying cars and three-dimensional urban traffic.It also focuses on the difference between intelligent flying cars and urban air vehicles.This study analyzes and discusses the system design of flying cars,focusing on introducing the key technological innovations in intelligent flying cars.The critical technologies and bottlenecks of nearground sensing,decision-making and planning,intelligent control,and intelligent communication systems are discussed from the perspective of intelligent flying cars.The technical obstacles of intelligent flying cars are analyzed,and potential solutions and development trends are discussed,considering the amalgamation of existing capabilities with these new technologies.

关 键 词：智能飞行汽车 城市立体交通 飞车脑认知 多模态切换 智能化技术 

分 类 号：U463.6[机械工程—车辆工程]