武汉市东西湖区托幼机构保教人员意外伤害急救技能掌握水平及影响因素调查  

Survey on level of emergency first aid skills and influencing factors among preschool teachers and caregivers in Dongxihu District of Wuhan City

作　　者：夏林 何建敏 宁惊鸣 李毅琳[4] XIA Lin;HE Jianmin;NING Jingming;LI Yilin(Wuhan Hanyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430050,China;Wuhan Dongxihu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430040,China;Wuhan Hongshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China;Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市汉阳区疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430050 [2]武汉市东西湖区疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430040 [3]武汉市洪山区疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430070 [4]武汉市疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2024年第2期244-248,共5页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

摘　　要：目的了解托幼机构保教人员意外伤害急救技能的掌握情况及其影响因素,为积极开展针对性的知识与技能培训提供依据。方法2023年3月,自行设计调查问卷,采用分层整群抽样的方法,对武汉市东西湖区12所幼儿园的258名保教人员开展网上调查。采用多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析保教人员急救技能掌握水平的影响因素。结果回收有效问卷254份,问卷有效应答率为98.4%。近3个月内,55.0%(132/240,幼师和保育员)的调查对象班上学生在校内发生过幼儿意外伤害,主要类型为跌倒磕碰伤、鼻出血、运动扭伤。97.6%(248/254)的调查对象认为保教人员有必要学习急救技能,96.9%(246/254)学习过相关急救技能。掌握意外伤害急救技能的有147人,整体掌握水平为57.9%。具备技能的人数和构成比较高的前3个项目依次为手臂骨折的急救,有252人(99.2%);食物误入气管的急救,有249人(98.0%);心搏骤停的处理方式,有246人(96.9%);懂得心肺复苏正确的具体步骤的最少,仅70人(27.6%)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示:相对于保教工作年限在10年及以上保教人员,工作年限<2年(OR=0.360)和2~4年(OR=0.200)人员的掌握水平更低(P<0.05);相对未学习过相关急救技能的保教人员,学习过人员的掌握水平更高(OR=12.486,P<0.05);相对于农业生产建设地段区域的保教人员,非农业生产建设地段保教人员的掌握水平更高(OR=2.818,P<0.05)。结论该区幼儿园保教人员意外伤害急救能力掌握水平较低,应以农业生产建设地段区域、未学习过相关技能和工作年限较短的保教人员为重点对象,创新有效的培训方式,加强对保教人员的急救技能培训。Objective To understand the level of emergency first aid skills and influencing factors among preschool teachers and caregivers in childcare institutions and to provide a basis for actively carrying out targeted knowledge and skill training.Methods In March 2023,258 preschool teachers and caregivers were surveyed using a self-designed questionnaire from 12 kindergartens in Dongxihu District,Wuhan City,using the stratified cluster sampling method.A multifactorial unconditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of emergency first aid skills level among preschool teachers and caregivers.Results A total of 254 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective response rate of 98.4%.In the past three months,55.0%(132/240,kindergarten teachers and caregivers)of the surveyed respondents reported accidental injuries to young children in school,mainly including falls and bumps,nosebleeds,and sports sprains.97.6%(248/254)believed that it was necessary for them to learn first aid skills,and 96.9%(246/254)had learned relevant first aid skills.Among them,147 individuals mastered emergency first aid skills with an overall mastery level of 57.9%.The top three skills mastered with high skills and composition were emergency first aid for arm fractures,with 252 people(99.2%);first aid for food entering the trachea by mistake,with 249 people(98.0%);treatment for cardiac arrest,with 246 people(96.9%);and the least understanding of the correct steps of cardiopulmonary resuscitation,with only 70 people(27.6%).Multifactorial unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that,compared with preschool teachers and caregivers with over 10 years of work experience,those with less than 2 years(OR=0.360)and 2-4 years(OR=0.200)of work experience had a lower mastery level(P<0.05).Compared with preschool teachers and caregivers who had not learned relevant first aid skills,those who had learned them had a higher mastery level(OR=12.486,P<0.05).Compared with preschool teachers and caregivers working in

关 键 词：托幼机构 保教人员 意外伤害 急救技能 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R459.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]