2002—2021年北半球中高纬度典型山脉积雪的时空变化对比分析  

Spatiotemporal variations and comparative analysis of snow cover at typical mid to high latitudes mountain ranges in the Northern Hemisphere from 2002 to 2021

作　　者：孙成杰 王剑庚 张永宏 王雯皎[1] 朱灵龙 田丰 宋凯达 SUN Chengjie;WANG Jiangeng;ZHANG Yonghong;WANG Wenjiao;ZHU Linglong;TIAN Feng;SONG Kaida(Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration,School of Atmospheric Physics,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;School of Internet of Things Engineering,Wuxi University,Wuxi 214105,Jiangsu,China;School of Automation,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学大气物理学院中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室,江苏南京210044 [2]无锡学院物联网工程学院,江苏无锡214105 [3]南京信息工程大学自动化学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2024年第2期475-488,共14页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41871238,42305158)资助。

摘　　要：积雪是冰冻圈的重要组成部分,其对气候变化的响应存在明显的空间差异。阿尔泰山脉、阿尔卑斯山脉和喀斯喀特山脉分别是亚洲、欧洲和北美洲最重要的山脉之一,三条山脉同处于北半球中高纬度,具有丰富的积雪资源。本文基于MODIS每日积雪产品,获得阿尔泰山脉、阿尔卑斯山脉和喀斯喀特山脉的积雪覆盖率、积雪日数、积雪初日和积雪终日四个积雪参数,对比分析了三条山脉2002—2021年积雪的时空变化,并研究了气候因子对积雪参数的影响。结果表明,三条山脉积雪参数的空间分布差异明显。阿尔泰山脉积雪覆盖率最大,积雪日数最长,积雪初日最早,积雪终日最晚,分别为38.00%、141 d、66 d、207 d;阿尔卑斯山脉的积雪覆盖率、积雪日数、积雪初日、积雪终日分别为21.68%、79 d、97 d、194 d;喀斯喀特山脉的积雪覆盖率最小,积雪日数最短,积雪初日最晚,积雪终日最早,分别为15.18%、56 d、103 d、183 d。就趋势而言,阿尔泰山脉积雪覆盖率增大,更早的积雪和更晚的融雪使积雪日数增加;阿尔卑斯山脉积雪覆盖率减小,更早的融雪使得积雪日数减少;喀斯喀特山脉积雪覆盖率增大,更晚的融雪使得积雪日数增加。各气候因子中,地表温度对三条山脉积雪的影响比降水大。对三条山脉积雪时空变化的一致性对比分析,有助于全面了解北半球中高纬度山区积雪对气候变化响应的时空差异。Snow cover is an essential component of the cryosphere,and it has low thermal conductivity,high reflectivity,and large latent heat of melting,playing an important role in the energy balance process of the Earth.There are significant spatial differences in the response of snow cover to climate change.Snow cover is widely distributed in mid to high latitudes mountainous areas in the Northern Hemisphere,and spatiotemporal variations in mountainous snow cover have important implications for human life,the economy,and ecosystems.The Altai,the Alps and the Cascade Mountains are respectively one of the most important mountains in Asia,Europe and North America.The three mountains are located in the mid to high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere,with rich snow resources.The three mountains are the only three typical mountain ranges in the mid to high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere that can be horizontally compared.Based on daily snow cover products from MODIS,four snow cover parameters of the Altai,the Alps and the Cascade Mountains after cloud removal processing were obtained,including snow cover fraction(SCF),snow cover duration(SCD),snow onset day(SOD),and snow end day(SED).A comparative analysis was conducted on the spatiotemporal distribution and trend of snow cover parameters in three mountain ranges from 2002 to 2021,and the impact of climate factors on snow cover parameters was studied using satellite and reanalysis data.The results indicate that:(1)The spatial distribution differences in snow parameters among the three mountain ranges are evident and closely related to elevation.The Altai Mountains exhibit the maximum snow cover fraction,the longest snow cover duration,the earliest snow onset day and the latest snow end day,which are 38.00%,141 days,66 days,and 207 days respectively.The Alps has intermediate values for snow cover parameters.The snow cover fraction,snow cover duration,snow onset day and snow end day in the Alps are 21.68%,79 days,97 days,and 194 days respectively.The Cascade Mountains show

关 键 词：积雪 阿尔泰山脉 阿尔卑斯山脉 喀斯喀特山脉 MODIS 时空变化 趋势分析 

分 类 号：P468.025[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]