“三权分置”下农村宅基地流转的路径选择与规则建构  

Path Selection and Rule Construction of Farmers'Homestead Circulation Under the"Separation of Rights"

作　　者：崔艳峰 CUI Yanfeng(School of Law,Zhejiang Wanli University,Ningbo 315100,China;Institute of Agricultural and Rural Rule of Law,Jilin University,Changchun 130000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江万里学院法学院,浙江宁波315100 [2]吉林大学农业农村法治研究院,吉林长春130000

出　　处：《安徽乡村振兴研究》2024年第2期18-30,共13页ANHUI RURAL REVITALIZATION STUDIES

基　　金：浙江省教育厅一般科研项目“宅基地‘三权分置’促进共同富裕的法治保障研究”(Y202352817)。

摘　　要：农村宅基地流转是实现宅基地“三权分置”的重要内容,其路径选择与规则建构对于宅基地“三权分置”的有效实现具有重要意义和价值。宅基地的“保障功能”和“福利性”决定了农村宅基地权利不能单独流转,“房地分离”理论不符合房屋与土地的天然附合,“房地一体”的天然属性决定了房地权利必然一并流转,房带动地流转成为“三权分置”下宅基地流转的路径选择。宅基地使用权在该流转中是一种由《民法典》宅基地使用权分化出来的以使用和收益为内容的用益物权,其应当是有偿、有期限的,类似于“土地经营权”的用益物权。文章以浙江省象山县宅基地改革实践为基础,明确“确权是基础、赋能是核心、机制是关键、保障为根本”的理念,并以此为基础对农民宅基地流转进行规则建构和机制完善。Farmers'homestead circulation is an important part of realizing the"separation of rights"of homestead,and its path selection and rule construction are of great significance and value for the effective realization of the"separation of rights"of homestead.The"guarantee function"and"welfare"of homestead determine that the rights of farmers'homestead cannot be transferred separately.The theory of"separation of houses and land"does not conform to the natural attachment of houses and land,and the natural attribute of"integration of houses and land"determines that the rights of real estate must be transferred together.House-driven land circulation becomes the path choice of homestead circulation under the"separation of rights".The homestead use right is a kind of usufructuary right with the content of use and income from the homestead use right in the"Civil Code",which should be paid and time-limited,similar to the usufructuary right of"land operation right".Based on the practical investigation of the homestead reform in Xiangshan County,Zhejiang Province,the paper defines the concept that"right confirmation is the foundation;empowerment is the core;mechanism is the key;and guarantee is the foundation",and on this basis,constructs the rules for farmers'homestead circulation,and improves the mechanism.

关 键 词：三权分置 宅基地流转 宅基地资格权 宅基地使用权 房地一体 

分 类 号：D922.3[政治法律—法学] D923[经济管理—产业经济] F321.1