质谱技术在脑卒中生物标志物发现中的应用  

Applications of Mass Spectrometry in Stroke Biomarker Discovery

作　　者：周旭 赵洪慰 孙昕昊 谢锋 李博岩 张进 ZHOU Xu;ZHAO Hong-wei;SUN Xin-hao;XIE Feng;LI Bo-yan;ZHANG Jin(School of Public Health,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 561113,China;Department of Food Science and Engineering,Moutai Institute,Renhuai 564507,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,贵州贵阳561113 [2]茅台学院食品科学与工程系,贵州仁怀564507

出　　处：《分析测试学报》2024年第5期798-804,共7页Journal of Instrumental Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82360700,22004022);贵州省科技厅科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2021]一般045);贵州省教育厅普通高等学校青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字[2021]163)。

摘　　要：脑卒中是指由于脑部供血突然降低或中断导致脑组织损伤的一类疾病,具有发病率高、死亡率高和致残率高的特点。近年来,质谱技术凭借高灵敏度和特异性的特点,在疾病生物标志物的发现中展现出巨大潜力。在脑卒中临床确诊前到康复期间,患者体内会发生大量代谢物和蛋白质的变化,这可能为基于质谱的临床前诊断、院前急救和预后评估提供契机。该文主要综述了近十年质谱技术在脑卒中代谢和蛋白生物标志物发现中的代表性工作。在代谢生物标志物方面,梳理了与脑卒中相关的能量代谢物、氨基酸和脂质等;在蛋白生物标志物方面,梳理了与脑卒中相关的基质金属蛋白酶、金属蛋白和纤维蛋白原等。该文对揭示脑卒中的病理生理机制及推动质谱技术在脑卒中临床辅助诊断中的应用具有重要意义。Stroke is a class of diseases caused by a sudden decrease or interruption in cerebral blood supply,resulting in brain tissue damage.It is characterized by high prevalence,high mortality,and high disability rates.Recently,mass spectrometry has demonstrated immense potential in the discovery of disease biomarkers,owing to its high sensitivity and specificity.Notably,from the period before the clinical determination of stroke to recovery,significant changes in metabolites and proteins occur in the body of the patient,which may provide opportunities for mass spectrometry-based diagnosis before clinical determination,pre-hospital emergency care,and prognosis assessment.This article primarily reviews the representative works in the discovery of metabolic and protein biomarkers using mass spectrometry over the past decade.In the realm of metabolic biomarkers,we compile those associated with energy metabolites,amino acids,and lipids relevant to stroke.Regarding protein biomarkers,we discuss stroke-related matrix metalloproteinases,metalloproteins,and fibrinogen,among others.This review is significant in revealing the pathophysiological mechanisms of stroke and advancing the application of mass spectrometry for stroke diagnosis in clinical setting.

关 键 词：脑卒中 质谱 生物标志物 代谢组学 蛋白组学 

分 类 号：O657.6[理学—分析化学] O629.7[理学—化学]