砷在水生生物中的生物累积、转化及在其他生物体内的代谢毒理学研究进展  

Research progress on arsenic's bioaccumulation and biotransformation in aquatic organisms,and its metabolism and toxicology in other organisms

作　　者：冉茂霞 吴迪 史永富[1] 顾润润[1] 黄冬梅[1] 席寅峰[1] 汤云瑜[1] 叶洪丽 张璇 方长玲[1] RAN Maoxia;WU Di;SHI Yongfu;GU Runrun;HUANG Dongmei;XI Yinfeng;TANG Yunyu;YE Hongli;ZHANG Xuan;FANG Changling(Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China,East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai,200090,China;College of Food Science and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,201306,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业农村部远洋与极地渔业创新重点实验室,上海200090 [2]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306

出　　处：《环境化学》2024年第4期1069-1084,共16页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所基本科研业务费资助(2021M05).

摘　　要：砷作为全球水生生态系统的重要污染物,普遍存在于淡水和海洋环境中,具有一定的生物累积性与生物毒性.水生生物作为生态系统的重要组成部分,砷在全球生物化学循环的过程中通过迁移、累积、转化、富集在水生生物体内,产生毒性作用,而砷对水生生物的毒性与其在水生生物中的赋存形态有关.目前关于砷在水生生物中的生物累积、生物转化及其代谢毒理的基础科学研究受到国内外研究者的广泛关注,而少有对该领域内的研究进展、研究热点、趋势方向的系统整合,本文针对这一领域文献进行梳理,系统阐述了砷在水生生物中的生物累积和生物转化情况;概述了砷在水生生物、小鼠/大鼠、人体、微生物等生物中的毒性作用及代谢机制;并提出了未来有关砷研究可关注的重点及方向.本文可为进一步阐明砷在水生生物中的生物累积转化规律及砷的代谢毒性作用,为研究者进一步深入探索该领域内科学问题提供参考资料,同时对水产品安全、环境生态、医学等相关领域的研究具有一定的借鉴意义.Arsenic is a bioaccumulative and biotoxic pollutant in global aquatic ecosystems and can be ubiquitously found in freshwater and marine environments.In the global biochemical cycle process,Arsenic can migrate,bioaccumulate,transform,and accumulate in aquatic organisms,resulting in toxic effects.The toxicity of Arsenic is related to its valences.Various studies have focused on preliminary research of Arsenic's behaviors and metabolic toxicology in aquatic environments.Still,a systematic review is not yet performed on the research progress,highlights,and trend.This paper summarized published reports and detailed the bioaccumulation and biotransformation processes of Arsenic in aquatic environments.It also addressed its toxic effects and metabolic mechanisms in aquatic biota,mice/rat,human,microorganisms,and other organisms.Also,we proposed the emphasis and direction of future work on Arsenic.This paper could serve as reference material for researchers exploring scientific issues in this and other close research fields,such as aquatic product safety,environmental ecology,and medicine.

关 键 词：砷 水生生物 生物累积 生物转化 毒理效应 代谢机制 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]